Ключарёв Василий Андреевич
Институт когнитивных нейронаук
Профессиональные интересы
Должности
- Заведующий лабораторией — Институт когнитивных нейронаук, Международная лаборатория социальной нейробиологии
- Научный руководитель образовательной программы — Когнитивные науки и технологии: от нейрона к познанию
Био
- · Начал работать в НИУ ВШЭ в 2013 году.
- · Научно-педагогический стаж: 18 лет.
Образование
- 2003 · Кандидат биологических наук: Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, специальность 03.03.06 «Нейробиология»
- 1994 · Специалитет: Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, факультет: Биологический, специальность «Физиология», квалификация «Биолог-физиолог»
Опыт работы
- · 2000 - 2004: научный сотрудник (постдок) в Университете Аалто (Хельсинки)
- · 2004 - 2009: научный сотрудник в Эразмус институте Менеджмента (Роттердам) с
- · 2009 г.: старший научный сотрудник и преподаватель Базельского университета, группа экономической психологии с
- · 2013: по
- · 2016: год профессор, заведующий департаментом психологии, заместитель декана факультета социальных наук НИУ ВШЭ с
- · 2016 г. - по настоящее время: директор Института когнитивных нейронаук НИУ ВШЭ
Награды и поощрения
- · Благодарственное письмо ректора НИУ ВШЭ (март 2024)
- · Благодарность Высшей школы экономики (апрель 2016)
- · Персональная надбавка ректора (2022–2023)
- · Надбавка за защиту докторской диссертации (2024–2027)
- · Надбавка за публикации, вносящие особый вклад в международную научную репутацию НИУ ВШЭ (2023–2025)
- · Надбавка за публикацию в журнале из Списка А (и приравненном к нему научном издании) (2024–2025)
- · Надбавка за публикацию в международном рецензируемом научном издании (2021–2022, 2020–2021, 2018–2020)
- · Надбавка за регулярные публикации в международных рецензируемых научных изданиях (2025–2030)
- · Надбавка за статью в зарубежном рецензируемом журнале (2015–2017)
- · Лучший преподаватель — 2023–2024, 2018–2020, 2015
Гранты и проекты
- — · на соискание учёной степени кандидата наук
Конференции (6)
Показать все
- · 2019: Society for NeuroEconomics Conference 2019 (Dublin). Доклад: The N400 study of price perception
- · 2018: Volga Neuroscience Meeting 2018 (Nizhny Novgorod). Доклад: Action in auctions: neural and computational learning mechanisms of repeated bidding
- · 2017: Society for NeuroEconomics Conference 2017 (Toronto). Доклад: Fronto-parietal coupling of brain rhythms during third-party punishment
- · 2016: IEEE International Symposium «Video and Audio Signal Processing in the Context of Neurotechnologies» (Санкт-Петербург). Доклад: Neurobiological mechanisms of social punishment
- · 2016: Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroeconomics (Берлин). Доклад: The role of the temporo-parietal junction and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in third-party punishment of norm violations
- · 2015: Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroeconomics (Майами). Доклад: Neural mechanisms of post-decisional spreading of alternatives: EEG study
Идентификаторы исследователя
- ORCID:
0000-0002-5257-3789 - ResearcherID:
F-2965-2011 - SPIN РИНЦ:
8899-6322 - Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.ru/citations?hl=ru&view_op=list_works&gmla=AJsN-F7k1cppetFJtqLaag0ioTSBb5iulpvjVNXqY0XFCKmmO_7Nf8aXtx3PT6Givq2R5DcG-jEX1ivpUYGoFuWZjmTGY3OFu5hGRRSU3FSi0CcDO5wKewo8KgPsQn_vFz8pBrNtPLVo&user=6AzDc8EAAAAJ&cstart=0&pagesize=20
- Scopus AuthorID:
6508265153
Публикации (93)
Impact of induced moods, sensation seeking, and emotional contagion on economic decisions under risk
2022 · ARTICLE · en
In addition to probabilities of monetary gains and losses, personality traits, socio-economic factors, and specific contexts such as emotions and framing influence financial risk taking. Here, we investigated the effects of joyful, neutral, and sad mood states on participants’ risk-taking behaviour in a simple task with safe and risky options. We also analysed the effect of framing on risk taking. In different trials, a safe option was framed in terms of either financial gains or losses. Moreover, we investigated the effects of emotional contagion and sensation-seeking personality traits on risk taking in this task. We did not observe a significant effect of induced moods on risk taking. Sad mood resulted in a slight non-significant trend of risk aversion compared to a neutral mood. Our results partially replicate previous findings regarding the presence of the framing effect. As a novel finding, we observed that participants with a low emotional contagion score demonstrated increased risk aversion during a sad mood and a similar trend at the edge of significance was present in high sensation seekers. Overall, our results highlight the importance of taking into account personality traits of experimental participants in financial risk-taking studies.
Visual processing of green zones in shared courtyards during renting decisions: An eye-tracking study
2022 · ARTICLE · en
We used an eye-tracking technique to investigate the effect of green zones and car ownership on the attrac-tiveness of the courtyards of multistorey apartment buildings. Two interest groups—20 people who owned a car and 20 people who did not a car—observed 36 images of courtyards. Images were digitally modified to manipulate the spatial arrangement of key courtyard elements: green zones, parking lots, and children’s play-grounds. The participants were asked to rate the attractiveness of courtyards during hypothetical renting de-cisions. Overall, we investigated whether visual exploration and appraisal of courtyards differed between people who owned a car and those who did not. The participants in both interest groups gazed longer at perceptually salient playgrounds and parking lots than at greenery. We also observed that participants gazed significantly longer at the greenery in courtyards rated as most attractive than those rated as least attractive. They gazed significantly longer at parking lots in courtyards rated as least attractive than those rated as most attractive. Using regression analysis, we further investigated the relationship between gaze fixations on courtyard elements and the attractiveness ratings of courtyards. The model confirmed a significant positive relationship between the number and duration of fixations on greenery and the attractiveness estimates of courtyards, while the model showed an opposite relationship for the duration of fixations on parking lots. Interestingly, the positive association between fixations on greenery and the attractiveness of courtyards was significantly stronger for participants who owned cars than for those who did not. These findings confirmed that the more people pay attention to green areas, the more positively they evaluate urban areas. The results also indicate that urban greenery may differentially affect the preferences of interest groups.
Mine or Ours? Neural Basis of the Exploitation of Common-Pool Resources
2022 · ARTICLE · en
Why do people often exhaust unregulated common (shared) natural resources but manage to preserve similar private resources? To answer this question, in this study we combine a neurobiological, economic, and cognitive modeling approach. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging on 50 participants, we show that a sharp decrease of common and private resources is associated with deactivation of the ventral striatum, a brain region involved in the valuation of outcomes. Across individuals, when facing a common resource, ventral striatal activity is anti-correlated with resource preservation (less harvesting), whereas with private resources the opposite pattern is observed. This indicates that neural value signals distinctly modulate behavior in response to the depletion of common versus private resources. Computational modeling suggested that over-harvesting of common resources was facilitated by the modulatory effect of social comparison on value signals. These results provide an explanation of people’s tendency to over-exploit unregulated common natural resources.
N400 correlate of brand associations
2022 · ARTICLE · en
A number of neuromarketing studies employed brain responses called event-related potentials or ERPs as neural markers of brand associations. The use of the N400 component of ERPs in particular appeared to be the promising to study typicality of product-brand associations and their role for brand extension (Wang et al., 2012). The question, however, remains whether the N400 observed in the product-brand associations and brand associations as such can be explained by the same neurobiological mechanisms as the classical N400 response which in the neuroscience of language reflects semantic associations. In this electroencephalographic study, we compared semantic N400 in response to incongruency of sentence endings with the neural response to the degree of incongruency of associations to brands. To test, whether in the same subjects, incongruent brand associations would elicit the N400 brain response resembling semantic N400 we constructed two-word phrases in which brand names were proceeded by congruent or incongruent adjectives that played the role of brand associations. Sentences lacking any marketing context served as control stimuli and evoked classical centro-parietally distributed N400 response. The sensitivity of the brain activity to the incongruent brand associations was manifested in the fronto-centrally distributed N400 response within the same time window as in the non-marketing context. However, the correlation analysis of the N400 amplitudes in the brand and non-brand conditions did not reveal significant association between them suggesting different neuronal networks subserving processing of pure semantic and brand-association incongruences. To conclude, further studies employing multichannel EEG or magnetoencephalographic imaging would be necessary to elucidate the brain origin of brand and marketing associations as compared to pure semantic associations.
Использование транскраниальной магнитной стимуляции в исследованиях когнитивного диссонанса при принятии решений
2022 · ARTICLE · ru
Теория когнитивного диссонанса тесно связана с исследованием процесса принятия сложных решений. Механизмы когнитивного диссонанса связывают с активностью задней медиальной и дорсолатеральной префронтальной коры, прилежащего ядра и задней поясной коры, взаимосвязь которых по-разному интерпретируют по результатам нейровизуализационных и стимуляционных исследований. Одним из ключевых вопросов понимания механизмов когнитивного диссонанса является нейрохронометрия его возникновения и редуцирования, раскрытие которой возможно с помощью методов ТМС и ТЭС. ТМС и ТЭС протоколы влияния на когнитивный диссонанс различаются такими параметрами, как мишень, момент, частота, сила стимуляции, контрольные условия, что не позволяет напрямую сравнивать результаты исследований. Однако анализ стимуляционных исследований когнитивного диссонанса показал, что как краткосрочная высокочастотная, так и длительная низкочастотная стимуляция медиальной префронтальной коры значительно снижают влияние когнитивного диссонанса на предпочтения.
"Expert persuasion" can decrease Willingness to Pay for sugar-containing food
2022 · ARTICLE · en
Recent studies have revealed types of eating nudges that can steer consumers towards choosing healthier options. However, most of the previously studied interventions target individual decisions and are not directed to changing consumers’ underlying perception of unhealthy food. Here, we investigate how a healthy eating call - first-person narrative by a health expert - affects individuals’ willingness to pay (WTP) for sugar-free and sugar-containing food products. Participants performed two blocks of a bidding task, in which they had to bid on sweets labeled either as “sugar-free” or as “sugar-containing”. In-between the two blocks, half of the participants listened to a narrative by a dietary specialist emphasizing the health risks of sugar consumption, whereas the remaining participants listened to a control narrative irrelevant to food choices. We demonstrate that the health expert’s narrative decreased individuals’ WTP for sugar-containing food, but did not modulate their WTP for sugar-free food. Overall, our findings confirm that consumers may conform to healthy eating calls by rather devaluating unhealthy food products than by increasing the value of healthy ones. This paves the way for an avenue of innovative marketing strategies to support individuals in their food choices.
Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex plays causal role in probability weighting during risky choice
2022 · ARTICLE · en
In this study, we provide causal evidence that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) supports the computation of subjective value in choices under risk via its involvement in probability weighting. Following offline continuous theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation (cTBS) of the DLPFC subjects (N = 30, mean age 23.6, 56% females) completed a computerized task consisting of 96 binary lottery choice questions presented in random order. Using the hierarchical Bayesian modeling approach, we then estimated the structural parameters of risk preferences (the degree of risk aversion and the curvature of the probability weighting function) and analyzed the obtained posterior distributions to determine the effect of stimulation on model parameters. On a behavioral level, temporary downregulation of the left DLPFC excitability through cTBS decreased the likelihood of choosing an option with higher expected reward while the probability of choosing a riskier lottery did not significantly change. Modeling the stimulation effects on risk preference parameters showed anecdotal evidence as assessed by Bayes factors that probability weighting parameter increased after the left DLPFC TMS compared to sham.
Do sparse brain activity patterns underlie human cognition?
2022 · ARTICLE · en
Accumulating multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) results from fMRI studies suggest that information is represented in fingerprint patterns of activations and deactivations during perception, emotions, and cognition. We postulate that these fingerprint patterns might reflect neuronal-population level sparse code documented in two-photon calcium imaging studies in animal models, i.e., information represented in specific and reproducible ensembles of a few percent of active neurons amidst widespread inhibition in neural populations. We suggest that such representations constitute a fundamental organizational principle via interacting across multiple levels of brain hierarchy, thus giving rise to perception, emotions, and cognition.
ТРАНСКРАНИАЛЬНАЯ ЭЛЕКТРОСТИМУЛЯЦИЯ ПОСТОЯННЫМ ТОКОМ МОДУЛИРУЕТ КОМПОНЕНТ НЕГАТИВНОСТИ РЕЗУЛЬТАТА ДЕЙСТВИЯ В МОНЕТАРНОЙ ИГРЕ
2022 · ARTICLE · ru
Настоящее исследование было направлено на изучение нейрофизиологических эффектов транскраниальной стимуляции постоянным электрическим током (tDCS) в отношении компонента вызванных потенциалов, называемого “негативность результата действия” (feedback-related negativity, FRN). Испытуемые выполняли задачу на отложенное денежное подкрепление, во время которой пытались избежать денежных потерь различной величи- ны. Мы сравнили амплитуду FRN в ответ на информацию о денежной потере в контроль- ной группе с группой, получавшей катодную стимуляцию вентромедиальной префрон- тальной коры. Основываясь на имеющихся в литературе данных, мы предположили, что катодная tDCS будет подавлять амплитуду компонента FRN. Вопреки нашей гипотезе, ве- личина компонента в группе стимуляции была значимо выше, чем в контрольной группе. Данные результаты могут служить как дополнительным свидетельством усиливающего действия катодной tDCS, так и привести к предположению о том, что нейросети, участву- ющие в генерации сигнала при обработке денежной потери, отличаются от таковых при игре, не связанной с денежным вознаграждением
TMS study of the role of the medial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in the post-decisional spreading of alternatives
2022 · CHAPTER · en
The theory of cognitive dissonance suggested by Leon Festinger (1957) relies on the psychological observations of the inconsistency between people’s choice and actions and proposes that the conflict between choice and actions causes the internal conflict named cognitive dissonance, which leads to the potential modification of the behavior or attitudes to reduce or eliminate this aversive state. Neuroimaging and stimulation studies revealed different neural correlates of the cognitive dissonance, including the medial prefrontal cortex, which is associated with identifying the internal conflict during making a complex choice, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex implemented into the cognitive control. However, the order and timing of stages of the internal conflict emergence and subsequent changes in behavior and attitudes, which can be revealed by stimulation methods, has never been properly studied. The sample size was defined based on the study of Izuma and colleagues (2015), but since we have only 1 group and the within-subject design, our sample consists of 30 participants. The behavioral task will be realized in the framework of the choice-blindness paradigm of studying the post-decisional spreading of alternatives. The online transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) will be performed during the choice task. The TMS timing will give the opportunity to measure the neurochronometry of cognitive dissonance not only after the decision-making process, but also during it. We are going to apply the high-frequency (20 Hz) stimulation to pMFC and DLPFC at the intensity of 90% from the passive motor threshold, while in control groups the vertex will be stimulated, and stimulation with 10% intensity will be applied. The exact stimulation points were adopted from previous fMRI studies (Izuma et al., 2010; Izuma & Adolphs, 2013; Voight et al., 2019).
Курсы (2)
-
Нейробиология поведения
2025/2026 · Бакалавриат · рус
-
Introduction to Neuroeconomics: How the Brain Makes Decisions · 3 раза
2024/2025, 2023/2024, 2022/2023 · Маго-лего · Анг