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Шестакова Анна Николаевна

Институт когнитивных нейронаук

Профиль на hse.ru ↗ тел.: +7 (495) 772-95-90 | +79119925519
Публикаций
108
Языков
1
Наград
7
Конференций
5
Профиль Публикации (108) Курсы (5)

Профессиональные интересы

нейроэкономиканейробиология речи и языкаобучение

Должности

  • Ведущий научный сотрудник — Институт когнитивных нейронаук, Центр нейроэкономики и когнитивных исследований
  • Директор центра — Институт когнитивных нейронаук, Центр нейроэкономики и когнитивных исследований
  • Руководитель академического совета образовательной программы — Когнитивные науки и технологии: от нейрона к познанию

Био

  • · Начала работать в НИУ ВШЭ в 2013 году.
  • · Научно-педагогический стаж: 12 лет.

Образование

  • 2004 · PhD: тема диссертации: ‘Sensory intelligence’ in the auditory cortex: brain responses to native and non-native phonetic stimuli Dissertation
  • 1994 · Специалитет: Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, специальность «Физиология», квалификация «Биолог-биофизик»

Опыт работы

  • · 10.2009: Кафедра высшей нервной деятельности. Санкт-петербургский Государственный Университет, РФ, старший научный сотрудник
  • · 10.2012-06.2013: Кафедра психологии поведения и превенции поведенческих аномалий. Санкт-петербургский Государственный Университет, РФ, доцент
  • · 01.2010 –2013: Санкт-петербургский Государственный Университет, EC Темпус проект в области Нейробиотехнологий, Программа «Национальная Сеть Аспирантур по Биотехнологиям в Нейронауках БиоН» (Программа дополнительного образования), член совета и координатор
  • · 12.2007 –09.2008: Центр Исследований Речи (Centre for Speech, Language and the Brain, CSL) Университет Кембриджа, Великобритания, научный сотрудник (researcher)
  • · 05.2007 – 10.2008: Центр Когнитивного Развития и Проблем Развития Речи (Centre for Developmental Language Disorders and Cognitive Neuroscience, DLDCN), Университетский Колледж Лондона, University College London, UCL, Великобритания, приглашенный исследователь (visiting researcher)
  • · 11.2005 –03.2009: Университет Хельсинки. Лидер EC проекта Tempus в области нейробиологии (the project granhtolder and coordinator
  • · 11.2004 – 12.2006: Центр Когнитивных Исследований (Cognitive Brain Research Unit) Университет Хельсинки, Финляндия, post doctoral fellow
  • · 12.2001– 11.2004: Центр Когнитивных Исследований, CBRU, Университет Хельсинки, Финляндия аспирант (PhD student)

Награды и поощрения

  • · Благодарственное письмо проректора НИУ ВШЭ (июнь 2023)
  • · Почетная грамота Высшей школы экономики (сентябрь 2021)
  • · Надбавка за публикацию в журнале из Списка А (и приравненном к нему научном издании) (2025–2026, 2024–2025)
  • · Надбавка за публикацию в международном рецензируемом научном издании (2020–2021, 2019–2020, 2017–2019)
  • · Надбавка за регулярные публикации в международных рецензируемых научных изданиях (2021–2026)
  • · Надбавка за статью в зарубежном рецензируемом журнале (2015–2017)
  • · Лауреат премии "Золотая Вышка" 2019 в номинации Достижения в науке

Гранты и проекты

  • — · на соискание учёной степени кандидата наук

Конференции (5)

Показать все
  • · 2023: 5th International Brain Stimulation Conference (Лиссабон). Доклад: Ambiguous tDCS: variability of the transcranial direct current stimulation effects in a reinforcement learning task
  • · 2016: Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroeconomics (Берлин). Доклад: Neural mechanisms of choice-induced preference change: EEG study
  • · 2016: Biomag 2016 (Сеул). Доклад: MEG correlates of internalization of social influence
  • · 2016: V СЪЕЗД ФИЗИОЛОГОВ СНГ (Сочи). Доклад: Механизмы обучения с подкреплением при социальном влиянии
  • · 2015: Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroeconomics (Майами). Доклад: Neural mechanisms of post-decisional spreading of alternatives: EEG study

Идентификаторы исследователя

Публикации (108)

Feedback-related negativity reflects omission of monetary gains: Evidence from ERP gambling study

2018 · ARTICLE · en

Feedback processing is an important aspect of learning. In the human brain, feedback processing is often examined by measuring an event-related potential, the feedback-related negativity component. Typically, the feedback-related negativity component is investigated by directly comparing gain with loss feedback randomized across trials; however, this method does not control for confounds associated with unexpected feedback. For this study we used a blocked design gambling task to investigate the sensitivity of feedback-related negativity to positive and negative feedback separately for gains and losses. While there appeared to be no significant feedback-related negativity in the loss domain, results revealed an enlarged feedback-related negativity during the omission of gains compared to the reception of gains. These findings further support the reward positivity hypothesis which declares that the feedback-related negativity is associated with the processing of outcomes in the context of gains as opposed to losses, irrespective of unexpectedness.

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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Of The Medial Frontal Cortex Modulates Choice-Induced Preference Changes

2018 · PREPRINT · en

Cognitive dissonance arises as a reaction to conflict appearing in choices between two equally attractive options. It leads to changes in the desirability of these options. The chosen option becomes more desirable whereas the rejected option is devalued. Despite cognitive dissonance being largely used by social psychologists to explain social conformity and preference reevaluation, little is known about the neural mechanisms of such choice-induced preference changes. In this study, we modulated the activity of the posterior medial frontal cortex (pMFC), which has been found to be involved in cognitive dissonance in neuroimaging studies. We influenced the activity of the pMFC before individual choices using both cathodal and anodal transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) during a revised version of Brehm's free-choice paradigm. Our results showed that cathodal tDCS over the pMFC significantly decreased the typical choice-induced preference change relative to a sham stimulation. On the contrary, no significant effect of anodal tDCS was observed. Our findings of the influence cathodal tDCS on preference re-evaluation highlight the central contribution of the pMFC in cognitive dissonance and provide evidence that pMFC plays a key role in the implementation of subsequent post-decision preference change.

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Neural Mechanisms of Post-Decisional Spreading of Alternatives

2018 · ARTICLE · en

Human choices are not only driven by inner preferences, but also have an impact on behavior. Economists and psychologists have extensively demonstrated that choosing between two attractive options leads to a downgrade of the rejected option and to an upgrade of the chosen one. Preference modulation after the mere act of making a choice has been repeatedly demonstrated over the last 50 years by an experimental paradigm called the ‘free-choice paradigm’. In the past decade the phenomenon of choice-induced preference change generated by cognitive dissonance has been explored by neuroscientists. An increasing amount of research has highlighted the central role of the posterior medial frontal cortex (pMFC) in social conformity and cognitive dissonance. This area represents the dissonance between one’s currently inconsistent and ideally consistent states. However, other brain areas have been linked to cognitive dissonance and its resolution, but as yet the mechanisms underpinning cognitive dissonance and the functional connection among brain areas found involved in cognitive dissonance are still unknown. Here, we firstly review the neural mechanisms and brain areas involved in post-decisional preference change and cognitive dissonance. Secondly, we suggest an integration of the existing neurocognitive mechanism of cognitive dissonance. Finally, we suggest new research lines to further explore neural principles of cognitive dissonance and subsequent post-decisional preference change.

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Power of Feedback-Induced Beta Oscillations Reflect Omission of Rewards: Evidence From an EEG Gambling Study

2018 · ARTICLE · en

The functional role of high beta oscillations (20-35 Hz) during feedback processing has been suggested to reflect unexpected gains. Using a novel gambling task that separates gains and losses across blocks and directly compares reception of monetary rewards to a ‘no-reward/punishment’ condition with equal probability we aimed to further investigate the role of beta oscillations. When contrasting different feedback conditions across rewards, we found that a late low beta component (12-20 Hz) had increased in power during the omission of rewards relative to the reception of rewards, while no differences were observed during the loss domain. These findings may indicate that late low beta oscillations in the context of feedback processing may respond to omission of gains relative to other potential outcomes. We speculate that late low beta oscillations may operate as a learning mechanism that signals the brain to make future adequate decisions. Overall, our study provides new insights for the role of late low beta oscillations in reward processing.

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Особенности электрофизиологической активности коры больших полушарий мозга у детей с артрогрипозом

2018 · ARTICLE · ru

Введение. Артрогрипоз – один из наиболее тяжелых врожденных пороков развития опорно-двигательного аппарата, характеризующийся наличием 2 и более контрактур крупных суставов, поражением мышц, а также передних рогов спинного мозга. Одной из основных проблем, обусловливающих ограничение или невозможность самообслуживания пациентов, является отсутствие активных движений в суставах верхних конечностей, которое восстанавливается путем аутотрансплантации мышц различных донорских областей. Процессы реабилитации после таких операций связаны в том числе и с нейрональными перестройками в центральной нервной системе как в спинном, так и в головном мозге, в частности в корковых его отделах. Цель исследования – оценить возможное отражение заболевания артрогрипозом у детей в амплитудных и нейродинамических показателях электроэнцефалограммы (ЭЭГ). Материалы и методы. Изучали электрофизиологические показатели активности коры головного мозга у детей с диагнозом артрогрипоза и здоровых детей сходного возраста. Оценивали такие показатели ЭЭГ, как мощность и длинновременные корреляции (метод оценки динамики нейрональной активности) в диапазонах 4–8, 8–12 и 12–16 Гц. Поражения оценивали на основе клинических шкал. Результаты. Анализ данных показал, что у детей с артрогрипозом, по сравнению с детьми без патологий, имеется достоверное снижение мощности ЭЭГ по всем исследованным частотным диапазонам. Кроме того, продемонстрирована достоверная корреляция мощности ЭЭГ со степенью восстановления двигательных функций верхних конечностей после операций по аутотрансплантации различных групп мышц в позицию двуглавой мышцы плеча. Полученные результаты отражают корреляцию электрофизиологических параметров коры головного мозга с процессами, связанными с патологией артрогрипоза. При этом нейродинамические параметры у детей с артрогрипозом не отличаются от таковых у здоровых детей. По результатам можно констатировать факт отражения заболевания артрогрипозом в снижении электрической активности коры больших полушарий головного мозга в частотном диапазоне 4–16 Гц при сохранении нейродинамических показателей, сходных с группой детей без заболевания. Заключение. В данной работе показано достоверное отличие мощности ЭЭГ в диапазонах 4–8, 8–12 и 12–16 Гц у детей с артрогрипозом и здоровых детей. Однако разницы в таком важном нейродинамическом показателе, как длинновременные корреляции, не обнаружено. Возможно, факт снижения амплитуды ритмов в ЭЭГ у больных детей объясняется их более низкой общей моторной активностью.

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Correlation of cue-locked FRN and feedback-locked FRN in the auditory monetary incentive delay task

2018 · ARTICLE · en

Reflecting the discrepancy between received and predicted outcomes, the reward prediction error (RPE) plays an important role in learning in a dynamic environment. A number of studies suggested that the feedback-related negativity (FRN) component of an event-related potential, known to be associated with unexpected outcomes, encodes RPEs. While FRN was clearly shown to be sensitive to the probability of outcomes, the effect of outcome magnitude on FRN remains to be further clarified. In studies on the neural underpinnings of reward anticipation and outcome evaluation, a monetary incentive delay (MID) task proved to be particularly useful. We investigated whether feedback-locked FRN and cue-locked dN200 responses recorded during an auditory MID task were sensitive to the probability and magnitude of outcomes. The cue-locked dN200 is associated with the update of information about the magnitude of prospective outcomes. Overall, we showed that feedback-locked FRN was modulated by both the magnitude and the probability of outcomes during an auditory version of MID task, whereas no such effect was found for cue-locked dN200. Furthermore, the cue-locked dN200, which is associated with the update of information about the magnitude of prospective outcomes, correlated with the standard feedback-locked FRN, which is associated with a negative RPE. These results further expand our knowledge on the interplay between the processing of predictive cues that forecast future outcomes and the subsequent revision of these predictions during outcome delivery. we showed that feedback-locked FRN was modulated by both the magnitude and the probability of outcomes during an auditory version of MID task, whereas no such effect was found for cue-locked dN200. Furthermore, the cue-locked dN200, which is associated with the update of information about the magnitude of prospective outcomes, correlated with the standard feedback-locked FRN, which is associated with a negative RPE. These results further expand our knowledge on the interplay between the processing of predictive cues that forecast future outcomes and the subsequent revision of these predictions during outcome delivery. we showed that feedback-locked FRN was modulated by both the magnitude and the probability of outcomes during an auditory version of MID task, whereas no such effect was found for cue-locked dN200. Furthermore, the cue-locked dN200, which is associated with the update of information about the magnitude of prospective outcomes, correlated with the standard feedback-locked FRN, which is associated with a negative RPE. These results further expand our knowledge on the interplay between the processing of predictive cues that forecast future outcomes and the subsequent revision of these predictions during outcome delivery. which is associated with the update of information about the magnitude of prospective outcomes, correlated with the standard feedback-locked FRN, which is associated with a negative RPE. These results further expand our knowledge on the interplay between the processing of predictive cues that forecast future outcomes and the subsequent revision of these predictions during outcome delivery. which is associated with the update of information about the magnitude of prospective outcomes, correlated with the standard feedback-locked FRN, which is associated with a negative RPE. These results further expand our knowledge on the interplay between the processing of predictive cues that forecast future outcomes and the subsequent revision of these predictions during outcome delivery.

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Characteristic of electrophysiological activity of the cerebral cortex in children with arthrogryposis.

2018 · ARTICLE · en

Arthrogryposis is one of the most severe congenital abnormalities of the musculoskeletal system characterized by 2 or more contractures of the large joints, muscle and anterior grey column pathology. One of the main problems making selfcare limited or impossible for the patients is an absence of the active movements in the joints of the upper extremities which can be restored through autologous transplantation from the various donor areas. Processes of the rehabilitation after these operations are associated with neuronal remodeling in the central nervous system both in the spinal cord and the brain, in the cortial regions in particular. The objective is to evaluate possible reflection of arthrogryposis in the amplitude and neurodynamical characteristics of the electroencephalogram (EEG) in children. Materials and methods. Electrophysiological characteristics of the cerebral cortex in children with arthrogryposis and healthy children of the same age were examined. Such EEG characteristics as power and long-range temporal correlations (evaluation of the neuronal activity dynamics) in ranges of 4–8, 8–12, and 12–16 Hz were measured. The results were evaluated in accordance with clinical scales. Results. Data analysis has shown that children with arthrogryposis have significantly decreased EEG power in all of the studied ranges compared to healthy children. Additionally, a significant correlation between EEG power and the level of restoration of motor functions in the upper extremities after autologous transplantation of various muscle groups in the position of the biceps was observed. The obtained results reflect correlation between the electrophysiological parameters of the cerebral cortex and processes associated with arthrogryposis pathology. However, neurodynamical parameters in children with arthrogryposis are similar to those in healthy children. The results allow to state that arthrogryposis is reflected through decreased electrical activity of the cerebral cortex in 4–16 Hz range with preservation of neurodynamic characteristics typical for disease-free children. Conclusion. In this study, a significant difference in EEG power in 4–8, 8–12, and 12–16 Hz ranges between children with arthrogryposis and healthy children was demonstrated. However, there was no difference in such an important neurodynamical characteristic as longrange temporal correlations. It is possible that decreased amplitude of EEG rhythms in children with arthrogryposis is caused by their lower motor activity in general.

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Neural mechanisms of cognitive dissonance (revised): An EEG study

2017 · ARTICLE · en

Cognitive dissonance theory suggests that our preferences are modulated by the mere act of choosing. A choice between two similarly valued alternatives creates psychological tension (cognitive dissonance) that is reduced by a post-decisional reevaluation of the alternatives. Our study demonstrates that choices associated with stronger cognitive dissonance trigger a larger negative fronto-central evoked response similar to error-related negativity (ERN), which has in turn been implicated in general performance monitoring. Furthermore, the amplitude of the evoked response is correlated with the reevaluation of the alternatives. We also found a link between individual neural dynamics (long-range temporal correlations-LRTC) of the fronto-central cortices during rest and follow-up neural and behavioral effects of cognitive dissonance. Individuals with stronger resting-state LRTC demonstrated a greater post-decisional reevaluation of the alternatives and larger evoked brain responses associated with stronger cognitive dissonance. Thus, our results suggest that cognitive dissonance is reflected in both resting-state and choice-related activity of the prefrontal cortex as part of the general performance-monitoring circuitry.

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Transcranial alternating current stimulation modulates risky decision making in a frequency controlled experiment

2017 · ARTICLE · en

In this study, we investigated the effect of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on decision making under risk and executive control in humans. Stimulation was delivered online at 5, 10, 20, and 40 Hz on the left and right DLPFC while subjects performed a modified risky decision making task. This task allowed subjects to voluntarily switch between risky and safe options associated with potential gains or losses while simultaneously measuring the cognitive control component (voluntary switching) of decision making. Our results revealed a frequency- and hemisphere-specific effect of 20Hz tACS delivered on the left DLPFC that significantly increased risk-taking. These results suggest a modulatory role of 20 Hz neural oscillations on the left DLPFC in risk-taking perhaps by activating the brain’s reward system.

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MEG Signatures of a Perceived Match or Mismatch between Individual and Group Opinions.

2017 · ARTICLE · en

Humans often adjust their opinions to the perceived opinions of others. Neural responses to a perceived match or mismatch between individual and group opinions have been investigated previously, but some findings are inconsistent. In this study, we used magnetoencephalographic source imaging to investigate further neural responses to the perceived opinions of others. We found that group opinions mismatching with individual opinions evoked responses in the anterior and posterior medial prefrontal cortices, as well as in the temporoparietal junction and ventromedial prefrontal cortex in the 220–320 and 380–530 ms time windows. Evoked responses were accompanied by an increase in the power of theta oscillations (4–8 Hz) over a number of frontal cortical sites. Group opinions matching with individual opinions evoked an increase in amplitude of beta oscillations (13–30 Hz) in the anterior cingulate and ventral medial prefrontal cortices. Based on these results, we argue that distinct valuation and performance-monitoring neural circuits in the medial cortices of the brain may monitor compliance of individual behavior to the perceived group norms.

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Курсы (5)