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Мартынова Ольга Владимировна

Факультет биологии и биотехнологии

Профиль на hse.ru ↗ тел.: 22370
Публикаций
53
Языков
1
Наград
9
Конференций
2
Профиль Публикации (53) Курсы (5)

Профессиональные интересы

нейробиологиякогнитивное сознаниевнутренняя речь

Должности

  • Доцент — Факультет биологии и биотехнологии, Базовая кафедра Института биоорганической химии им. академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова РАН
  • Ведущий научный сотрудник — Институт когнитивных нейронаук, Центр нейроэкономики и когнитивных исследований
  • Академический руководитель образовательной программы — Когнитивная нейробиология

Био

  • · Начала работать в НИУ ВШЭ в 2013 году.
  • · Научно-педагогический стаж: 29 лет.

Образование

  • 2003 · Кандидат наук: Университет Турку
  • 2003 · PhD: Университет Турку, специальность 19.00.02 «Психофизиология»
  • 1995 · Специалитет: Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, специальность «Физиология», квалификация «Биолог-физиолог»
  • — · Специалитет: Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, факультет: Биолого-почвенный факультет, специальность «физиология»
  • 2003 · Аспирантура: University of Turku, факультет: Social Sciences, специальность «психология»

Награды и поощрения

  • · Благодарность проректора НИУ ВШЭ (ноябрь 2025)
  • · Благодарность проректора НИУ ВШЭ (ноябрь 2024)
  • · Благодарность проректора НИУ ВШЭ (декабрь 2023)
  • · Благодарственное письмо проректора НИУ ВШЭ (август 2021)
  • · Надбавка за публикацию в журнале из Списка А (и приравненном к нему научном издании) (2025–2026, 2024–2025, 2023–2024)
  • · Надбавка за публикацию в международном рецензируемом научном издании (2018–2019)
  • · Лучший академический руководитель в номинации «Прием иностранных студентов» — 2024–2025
  • · Лучший академический руководитель в номинации «Удовлетворенность студентов качеством образовательной программы» — 2023–2025
  • · Лучший академический руководитель в номинации «Цифровые навыки студентов» — 2024

Гранты и проекты

  • — · Грант РГНФ 14-06-00747 "Комплексное исследование постинсультной депрессии"

Конференции (2)

Показать все
  • · 2016: V СЪЕЗД ФИЗИОЛОГОВ СНГ (Сочи). Доклад: КОГНИТИВНЫЕ СЕТИ МОЗГА ЧЕЛОВЕКА В СОСТОЯНИИ ПОКОЯ И ПРИ ВНЕШНЕЙ СТИМУЛЯЦИИ
  • · 2014: 9th FENS Forum of Neuroscience (Милан). Доклад: Speech sounds representation in the auditory cortex of post-stroke patients with sensory aphasia

Идентификаторы исследователя

Публикации (53)

Association of the retrospective self-report ratings with the dynamics of EEG

2019 · ARTICLE · en

The neural underpinnings of subjective experience during resting state remain elusive. Dynamic features of EEG oscillations may provide more understanding of the relationship between the content of inner conscious experience and electrical brain activity. We tested a correlation of rating on the Amsterdam Resting-State Questionnaire (ARSQ) with dynamic parameters of EEG recorded in 49 healthy volunteers during the 10-min resting session. The participants filled ARSQ immediately after the rest. We investigated both linear (1 Hz-band power spectral density - PSD) and dynamic features (standard deviation and frequency of Hilbert envelope) of EEG averaged for the whole resting-state segment. Besides, we conducted a procedure of k-mean clustering based on PSD, localization of components retrieved by independent component analysis for 10-sec EEG epochs to assess spectral and temporal variability of EEG. The correlation analysis showed that the increase of PSD and cluster duration of the high-frequency alpha rhythm (12–13 Hz) in central and frontal areas was positively associated with the rating of experienced thoughts related to Planning (r = 0.44). The time of the presence of low amplitude delta oscillations correlated negatively with Planning (r = -0.52). The participants with higher ARSQ scores of Visual Thoughts had a higher standard deviation of the wideband (1–30 Hz) Hilbert envelope. Our data suggest that the dynamic properties of EEG reflect cognitive states assessed by ARSQ.

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Correlation of BOLD Signal with Linear and Nonlinear Patterns of EEG in Resting State EEG-Informed fMRI

2018 · ARTICLE · en

Concurrent EEG and fMRI acquisitions in resting state showed a correlation between EEG power in various bands and spontaneous BOLD fluctuations. However, there is a lack of data on how changes in the complexity of brain dynamics derived fromEEG reflect variations in the BOLD signal. The purpose of our study was to correlate both spectral patterns, as linear features of EEG rhythms, and nonlinear EEG dynamic complexity with neuronal activity obtained by fMRI. We examined the relationships between EEG patterns and brain activation obtained by simultaneous EEG-fMRI during the resting state condition in 25 healthy right-handed adult volunteers. Using EEG-derived regressors, we demonstrated a substantial correlation of BOLD signal changes with linear and nonlinear features of EEG. We found the most significant positive correlation of fMRI signal with delta spectral power. Beta and alpha spectral features had no reliable effect on BOLD fluctuation. However, dynamic changes of alpha peak frequency exhibited a significant association with BOLD signal increase in right-hemisphere areas. Additionally, EEG dynamic complexity as measured by the HFD of the 2–20Hz EEG frequency range significantly correlated with the activation of cortical and subcortical limbic system areas. Our results indicate that both spectral features of EEG frequency bands and nonlinear dynamic properties of spontaneous EEG are strongly associated with fluctuations of the BOLD signal during the resting state condition.

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Functional connectivity between salience, default mode and frontoparietal networks in post-stroke depression

2018 · ARTICLE · en

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated altered resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) in patients with post-stroke depression (PSD). It remains unclear whether rsFC is changed at the network level as was shown for major depressive disorder (MDD). To address this question, we investigated rsFC of resting sate networks (RSNs) in PSD. METHODS: Eleven subjects with PSD underwent fMRI scanning at rest before and after treatment. The severity of depression was assessed using the aphasic depression rating scale (ADRS). We performed functional network connectivity (FNC) analysis for RSNs, region of interest - FC analysis (ROI-FC) and calculation of brain matter volumes in ROIs overlapping with RSNs and in other brain regions associated with mood maintenance. RESULTS: We found positive correlation of FNC between anterior default mode network (aDMN) and salience network (SAL) with depression severity before treatment, the latter accompanied by the increase of white matter in the middle frontal and left angular gyri. FNC of aDMN and left frontoparietal network (LFP) decreased after treatment. ROI-FC and the brain matter volumes of several regions of DMN, LFP and SAL also showed a correlation with ADRS or significant change after treatment. LIMITATIONS: Limitations include small sample size and methodological issues concerning altered hemodynamics in stroke. However, we took complex preprocessing steps to overcome these issues. CONCLUSION: Present results of altered rsFC in PSD are consistent with previous findings in MDD. The convergence of results obtained in PSD and MDD supports the validity of rsFC approach for investigation of brain network dysfunctions underling these psychiatric symptoms.

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Slow-wave sleep and androgens: selective slow-wave sleep suppression affects testosterone and 17α- hydroxyprogesterone secretion

2018 · ARTICLE · en

Objectives: Levels of steroid hormones such as androgens and cortisol exhibit circadian variation, and their fluctuations are related to the sleep-wake cycle. Currently, the functional role of different stages of sleep in steroid hormone secretion remains unclear. The present study aims to explore the effect of slowwave sleep (SWS) suppression on morning levels of cortisol and androgens. Methods: Twelve healthy male volunteers participated in two experimental sessions: a session with selective SWS suppression during night sleep and a session with regular night sleep (control). SWS suppression was achieved by stimulation using an acoustic tone. Salivary samples were collected in the morning immediately after awakening and again 40 min later. The samples were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for testosterone, androstenedione (Ad), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), 17a-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), and cortisol. Results: SWS suppression reduced overall SWS duration by 54.2% without significant changes in total sleep time and sleep efficiency. In the session with selective SWS suppression, the average level of morning testosterone was lower than in the control session (p . 0.017). Likewise, 17-OHP was lower in the SWS suppression condition (p . 0.011) whereas the ratio of DHEA/Ad was higher (p . 0.025). There were no significant differences between sessions in cortisol, Ad, or DHEA concentrations. Conclusions: The effect of selective SWS suppression on morning levels of testosterone and 17-OHP points to the importance of SWS for the synthesis and secretion of androgens. These results suggest that chronic sleep problems, which lead to reduced SWS, increase the risk for the development of androgen deficiency in the long term.

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Classification of Verbal and Mathematical Mental Operations Based on the Power Spectral Density of EEG

2018 · ARTICLE · en

A classification of spectral patterns of EEG underlies several cognitive neurotechnologies including passive and active brain-computer interfaces. Despite arithmetic tasks often being used in studies of cognitive workload, there is a lack of findings describing a possibility to recognize EEG patterns related to different types of math operations. In the present work, we have shown that the power spectral density of EEG can be used to classify types of mental operations including a classification of verbal and different mathematical tasks for simple arithmetic operations or logical tasks with arithmetic progressions. The verbal tasks were separated from arithmetic ones significantly better than arithmetic from logical tasks, and verbal from logical tasks. Better discrimination of verbal tasks from arithmetic but not from logical tasks supports the hypothesis of unique EEG patterns associated with verbal activity that apparently differ from mental operations in arithmetic. Additionally, we compared the behavioral performance in problem solving and accuracy of EEG classification in two groups of subjects with education in math or humanities (N=8+8). We obtained the predicted differences related to better performance of the math group in solving math tasks than the humanitarian group. However, the classification accuracy of tasks based on EEG did not differ significantly between groups and was essentially higher than random. Considered together, our results support the hypothesis that EEG patterns reflect individual cognitive states corresponding to mental operations and can be used in classification of different cognitive activity.

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Влияние фонологической петли рабочей памяти на результативность решения математических и вербальных задач у математиков и гуманитариев

2018 · ARTICLE · ru

Хорошо известно влияние объема рабочей памяти (РП) на математические способности. Эта зависимость выявлена преимущественно для визуально-пространственного объема РП, в то время, как объем фонологической петли РП, связанный с обработкой звуковой и речевой информации, как предполагается, имеет незначительное влияние на математические способности у взрослых. Тем не менее, участие языковых нейросетей в математическом мышлении до сих пор является объектом дискуссий. Мы изучили влияние объема фонологической петли РП на скорость и корректность решения математических и вербальных задач у молодых, здоровых праворуких добровольцев либо с законченным высшим образованием, либо студентов ВУЗов, обучающихся в математической и в гуманитарной сферах. Испытуемые математической группы (N=10) решали все задачи по показателям правильности ответов (ПО) и времени решения (ВР) задач достоверно лучше испытуемых гуманитарной группы (N=10). Объем фонологической петли РП не отличался при сравнении двух групп, но по-разному влиял на ПО и ВР задач у математиков и гуманитариев. Корреляционный анализ Спирмена для каждой группы в отдельности показал, что емкость РП положительно влияла на ПО всех математических задач только в группе математиков, но не влияла на ВР, в то время, как в гуманитарной группе мы наблюдали противоположную тенденцию. Также в группе математиков объем РП обратно коррелировал с ВР логических задач на арифметические последовательности. Наши результаты косвенно доказывают, что РП в своем вербальном домене может оказывать влияние на математические способности, особенно, когда они требуют вовлечения логического мышления.

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Улучшение распознавания звуков после их предъявления во время сна.

2018 · ARTICLE · ru

В настоящее время остается неизученным эффект направленной реактивации памяти во время сна на слуховое распознавание. В настоящей работе мы проверяли возможность улучшения распознавания трудноразличимых звуков с помощью их повторного предъявления во время дневного сна, следующего после обучения. Испытуемым основной группы после двух последовательных сессий распознавания одного из двух девиантных звуков в парадигме odd-ball во время третьей стадии (Slow Wave Sleep/SWS) сна предъявляли один из распознававшихся девиантов. Контрольной группе во время сна предъявлялся новый девиант, не предлагавшийся для распознавания. В основной группе после сна наблюдалось достоверное улучшение распознавания звука, который предъявлялся во время SWS, что сопровождалось также увеличением амплитуды и уменьшением латентности компонента вызванных потенциалов негативности рассогласования (Mismatch Negativity/MMN). В контрольной группе не было выявлено достоверных изменений в различении звуков и в параметрах MMN после сна. Полученные нами данные свидетельствуют о том, что направленная реактивация слуховой памяти во время сна способствует нейропластическим перестройкам, лежащим в основе обучения слуховому распознаванию.

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Commentary: Selective Development of Anticorrelated Networks in the Intrinsic Functional Organization of the Human Brain

2017 · ARTICLE · en

As adults we solve problems by applying our executive know-how and directing our mental-attention to relevant information. When we are not problem solving, our mind is free to wonder to things like lunchtime; this is often referred to as the default-mode. It is established that for adults the relation among executive and default-mode brain areas is negative (Fox et al., 2005; Arsalidou et al., 2013). Parts of the prefrontal cortex are involved in both the executive and default-mode networks.

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Neural correlates of brain state in chronic ischemia and stroke: combined resting state electroencephalogram and transcranial Doppler ultrasonographic study.

2017 · ARTICLE · en

Clinical neurology is constantly searching for reliable indices of ischemic brain damage to prevent a possible development of stroke. We suggest that resting state electroencephalogram (rsEEG) with respect to other clinical data may provide important information about the severity of ischemia. We carried out correlation analysis of rsEEG, data of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography of head vessels, and clinical assessment scores collected from healthy volunteers and four groups of patients with mild chronic microvascular ischemia (CMI-1), moderate CMI (CMI-2), severe atrophy of the cerebral hemisphere, ischemic stroke in the left middle cerebral artery stroke, and ischemic stroke in the right middle cerebral artery stroke. Using independent component analysis and k-mean clustering of EEG data, we observed prominent changes in rsEEG reflected in specific distributions of spectral peaks in all groups of patients. We found a significant correlation of EEG spectral distribution and the blood flow velocity in coronal arteries, which was also affected by the severity of ischemia and the localization of stroke. Moreover, EEG spectral distribution was more indicative of early stages of ischemia than the blood flow velocity. Our data support the hypothesis that rsEEG may reflect altered neural activity caused by ischemic brain damage.

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An fMRI Study of the Emotional Perception of Erotic Images in Men Aged 49–74 Years

2017 · ARTICLE · en

Psychological studies have indicated that erotic images are evaluated in the context of positive emotions as the most intense, associated with the greatest degree of emotional arousal, among the whole gamut of pleasant and unpleasant stimuli. It is diffi cult to discriminate the cortical zones directly associated with emotional arousal from the activity of structures responsible for assessing emotional stimuli in the inducement/reward system. The aim of the present work was to identify differences in cerebral activity using functional MRI scans (fMRI) in men during assessment of the intensity of pleasant images, including erotic images, or unpleasant and neutral images. Comparison of tasks involving the assessment of pleasant images of the erotic type with tasks containing neutral or unpleasant stimuli revealed signifi cantly more marked activation in the posterior cingulate cortex, the prefrontal cortex, and the globus pallidus on the right side. Comparison of tasks with pleasant and neural stimuli revealed an increase in the activity of the right anterior central gyrus. Thus, the process of assessment of the intensity of emotional images of erotic type was related to activation of brain areas belonging not only to the neural representation of the emotions, but also to the cognitive system controlling emotional arousal and the motivational domain, which needs to be considered when using erotic images as powerful positive emotional stimuli.

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Курсы (5)