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Мартынова Ольга Владимировна

Факультет биологии и биотехнологии

Профиль на hse.ru ↗ тел.: 22370
Публикаций
53
Языков
1
Наград
9
Конференций
2
Профиль Публикации (53) Курсы (5)

Профессиональные интересы

нейробиологиякогнитивное сознаниевнутренняя речь

Должности

  • Доцент — Факультет биологии и биотехнологии, Базовая кафедра Института биоорганической химии им. академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова РАН
  • Ведущий научный сотрудник — Институт когнитивных нейронаук, Центр нейроэкономики и когнитивных исследований
  • Академический руководитель образовательной программы — Когнитивная нейробиология

Био

  • · Начала работать в НИУ ВШЭ в 2013 году.
  • · Научно-педагогический стаж: 29 лет.

Образование

  • 2003 · Кандидат наук: Университет Турку
  • 2003 · PhD: Университет Турку, специальность 19.00.02 «Психофизиология»
  • 1995 · Специалитет: Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, специальность «Физиология», квалификация «Биолог-физиолог»
  • — · Специалитет: Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, факультет: Биолого-почвенный факультет, специальность «физиология»
  • 2003 · Аспирантура: University of Turku, факультет: Social Sciences, специальность «психология»

Награды и поощрения

  • · Благодарность проректора НИУ ВШЭ (ноябрь 2025)
  • · Благодарность проректора НИУ ВШЭ (ноябрь 2024)
  • · Благодарность проректора НИУ ВШЭ (декабрь 2023)
  • · Благодарственное письмо проректора НИУ ВШЭ (август 2021)
  • · Надбавка за публикацию в журнале из Списка А (и приравненном к нему научном издании) (2025–2026, 2024–2025, 2023–2024)
  • · Надбавка за публикацию в международном рецензируемом научном издании (2018–2019)
  • · Лучший академический руководитель в номинации «Прием иностранных студентов» — 2024–2025
  • · Лучший академический руководитель в номинации «Удовлетворенность студентов качеством образовательной программы» — 2023–2025
  • · Лучший академический руководитель в номинации «Цифровые навыки студентов» — 2024

Гранты и проекты

  • — · Грант РГНФ 14-06-00747 "Комплексное исследование постинсультной депрессии"

Конференции (2)

Показать все
  • · 2016: V СЪЕЗД ФИЗИОЛОГОВ СНГ (Сочи). Доклад: КОГНИТИВНЫЕ СЕТИ МОЗГА ЧЕЛОВЕКА В СОСТОЯНИИ ПОКОЯ И ПРИ ВНЕШНЕЙ СТИМУЛЯЦИИ
  • · 2014: 9th FENS Forum of Neuroscience (Милан). Доклад: Speech sounds representation in the auditory cortex of post-stroke patients with sensory aphasia

Идентификаторы исследователя

Публикации (53)

Unlocking Stress Coping Mechanisms: Implications for Salivary Antioxidant Defense and Trace Element Homeostasis

2026 · ARTICLE · en

This study investigates the relationship between stress coping ability, salivary antioxidant capacity (AOC), and trace element concentrations, focusing on zinc (Zn) and potassium (K). A cohort of 73 participants, divided into groups based on stress coping ability (SCA) (“adaptive”, “intermediate”, and “maladaptive”), underwent cognitive tasks while physiological and behavioral data were collected. Saliva samples were analyzed for AOC and trace elements, including Zn, K, total phosphorus (P), and total sulfur (S). Results revealed that individuals with effective stress coping strategies (the “adaptive” group) exhibited significantly higher AOC and Zn levels, along with lower K levels, compared to those with maladaptive coping abilities. Positive correlations were observed between Zn and AOC, while K showed a negative correlation with AOC. Behavioral data indicated that the “maladaptive” group demonstrated a pronounced decline in self-assessment as task difficulty increased, despite similar task performance across groups. These findings suggest that stress coping ability is a stable trait influencing physiological homeostasis, with effective coping associated with enhanced antioxidant defenses and balanced trace element regulation. The study highlights the importance of stress management in maintaining oxidative balance and emotional resilience, offering potential pathways for interventions targeting stress-related physiological and cognitive dysregulation.

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Semantics and Syntax Effects on Event-Related Fields during Speech Comprehension: a MEG Study

2026 в печати · ARTICLE · en

This manuscript fits the scope of Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (Speech and Language) as it investigates the cortical dynamics of speech perception using MEG during naturalistic auditory comprehension. The study examines how semantic dissimilarity and word class modulate MEG event-related fields (ERFs), reflecting aspects of semantic integration and syntactic processing during continuous speech. The results show that semantically distinct words elicit a late ERF increase in left temporal sensors, while function and content words differ in both early and late time windows. Additional analyses confirm that part of the late effect for function words reflects sensitivity to the upcoming word. These findings demonstrate that ERFs during continuous speech are systematically modulated by semantic context and lexical category. The work also illustrates how ERF-based methods can complement convolution and TRF approaches commonly used in natural speech research. This work directly aligns with the Research Topic “The cortical representation of speech perception: Current developments” by providing novel MEG evidence on how the brain encodes semantic context and syntactic structure in ecological listening conditions, thus informing contemporary models of speech comprehension.

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Event-related potentials and presaccadic activity in response to affective stimuli in participants with obsessive-compulsive disorder

2025 · ARTICLE · en

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have difficulty with regulating their emotions and show reduced functioning of inhibitory control. It was reported previously that OCD patients had delayed antisaccade response and increased error rate only when affective pictures with negative valence served as fixation stimuli in “the antisaccade emotional fixation task”. Complementary to the previous research, eye movements and late positive potential (LPP) for fixation stimuli and the presaccadic positivity (PSP) and spike potential (SP) before saccade onset, were compared in two groups of OCD and healthy volunteers. Both groups exhibited increased fixation on emotional images, particularly on unpleasant ones, and showed heightened LPP responses without significant between-group differences. However, individuals with OCD had lower PSP and SP amplitudes for unpleasant images compared to the control group, although there were no differences within conditions for each group. These results suggest that while both groups displayed similar effects of unpleasant images on the involuntary orientation of attention, the findings on presaccadic potentials correlate with behavioral data on increased error rate in antisaccade tasks in OCD. This suggests that emotional dysregulation may contribute to impaired inhibitory control in individuals with OCD.

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Rapid semantic processing: an MEG study of narrative text reading

2025 · ARTICLE · en

Research has shown that semantic analysis occurs at early stages of word processing (less than 200 ms). While traditional studies have focused on isolated words/sentences, our research explores rapid semantic processing during reading stories when texts were presented word by word (each word lasting 150 ms), enhancing rapid semantic processing. We sorted words by quartiles according to their semantic dissimilarity (SD) and computed event-related fields (102 magnetometers) in 27 adult participants. Cluster-permutation analysis revealed two significant clusters of brain activity within early time windows (120–132 ms) that differentiated words according to their SD: positive in the right occipital region and negative in the left temporal region. In both clusters less pronounced responses were registered for words with lowest SD which corresponds to theories of predictive coding. These findings broaden our understanding of rapid semantic processing and suggest new methodology to study neurophysiological mechanisms of reading.

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Novelty, category and orientation tuning for printed characters: A magnetoencephalography study with fast periodic visual stimulation

2025 · PREPRINT · en

Letter recognition is assumed to involve several levels of analysis, including coarse tuning for category and novelty and more fine tuning, related to letter orientation. We employed an oddball fast periodic visual stimulation (FPVS) paradigm with magnetoencephalography (Elekta VectorView, 306 sensors) to study neural discrimination responses in the source space. Using contrasts between native letters and foreign letters, digits, or inverted native letters, we aimed to isolate the neural responses to visual novelty, category, and orientation during character analysis. The study was conducted with a cohort of 25 adults. The response topography demonstrated bilateral organization, including language-related brain regions as ventral occipitotemporal cortex, inferior parietal cortex and middle temporal areas. Comparing conditions, we revealed right lateralized parietal clusters, associated with novelty tuning, and left lateralized occipitotemporal clusters exhibiting higher activity for letters among digits discrimination, supporting the role of this area in letter processing. No distinct spatial patterns specific to orientation tuning were observed in comparison to novelty and category tuning. We proposed that expertise-dependent orientation-specific tuning mechanisms may operate within an embedded, spatially overlapping with coarse tuning neural framework, characterized by special spatiotemporal patterns.

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Возрастные особенности динамики альфа-ритма: краткий обзор

2024 · ARTICLE · ru

В данном мини-обзоре рассмотрены возрастные особенности динамики альфаритма, источники его генерации и связь с когнитивными функциями. Альфа-ритм характеризуется высокой индивидуальной стабильностью и при этом имеет выраженную возрастную динамику u-формы. Пиковая частота альфа-ритма увеличивается от младенчества до молодого взрослого возраста и далее снижается в период старения мозга. До сих пор ведутся дискуссии относительно источников генерации альфа-ритма. Современные данные показывают отсутствие очевидной связи пиковой частоты альфа-ритма с когнитивными способностями человека и интеллектом. Такие параметры альфа-ритма, как индивидуальная стабильность, генетическая обусловленность и возрастные особенности, делают его перспективным маркером для определения когнитивного и биологического возраста

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Eyetracking and vegetatics data in a cognitive load task

2024 · ARTICLE · en

Данные отслеживания движений глаз и вегетативной активности в задаче с когнитивной нагрузкой Опубликовано: 10 июля 2024 г. | Версия 1 | Исходные данные отслеживания движений глаз и вегетативной активности в задаче с когнитивной нагрузкой с дополнительной ложной обратной связью во втором блоке.

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Long-range temporal correlations in resting state alpha oscillations in major depressive disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder

2024 · ARTICLE · en

Mental disorders are a significant concern in contemporary society, with a pressing need to identify biological markers. Long-range temporal correlations (LRTC) of brain rhythms have been widespread in clinical cohort studies, especially in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, research on LRTC in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is severely limited. Given the high co-occurrence of OCD and MDD, we conducted a comparative LRTC investigation. We assumed that the LRTC patterns will allow us to compare measures of brain cortical balance of excitation and inhibition in OCD and MDD, which will be useful in the area of differential diagnosis.

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Temporal dynamics of autonomic nervous system responses under cognitive-emotional workload in obsessive-compulsive disorder

2024 · ARTICLE · en

Dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is commonly observed in various mental disorders, particularly when individuals engage in prolonged cognitive- emotional tasks that require ANS adjustment to workload. Although the understanding of the temporal dynamics of sympathetic and parasympathetic tones in obsessive- compulsive disorder (OCD) is limited, analyzing ANS reac-tions to cognitive- emotional workload could provide valuable insights into one of the underlying causes of OCD. This study investigated the temporal dynamics of heart rate (HR) and pupil area (PA) while participants with OCD and healthy volunteers solved antisaccade tasks, with affective pictures serving as central fixation stimuli. The data of 31 individuals with OCD and 30 healthy volunteers were included in the study, comprising three separate blocks, each lasting ap-proximately 8 min. The results revealed an increase in sympathetic tone in the OCD group, with the most noticeable rise occurring during the middle part of each block, particularly during the presentation of negative stimuli. Healthy vol-unteers demonstrated adaptive temporal dynamics of HR and PA from the first block to the last block of tasks, whereas individuals with OCD exhibited fewer changes over time, suggesting a reduced adaptation of the ANS sympathetic tone to cognitive- emotional workload in OCD.

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Detecting cognitive traits and occupational proficiency using EEG and statistical inference

2024 · ARTICLE · en

Machine learning (ML) is widely used in classification tasks aimed at detecting various cognitive states or neurological diseases using noninvasive electroencephalogram (EEG) time series. However, successfully detecting specific cognitive skills in a healthy population, independent of subject, remains challenging. This study compared the subject-independent classification performance of three different pipelines: supervised and Riemann projections with logistic regression and handcrafted power spectral features with light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM). 128-channel EEGs were recorded from 26 healthy volunteers while they solved arithmetic, logical, and verbal tasks. The participants were divided into two groups based on their higher education and occupation: specialists in mathematics and humanities. The balanced accuracy of the education type was significantly above chance for all pipelines: 0.84–0.89, 0.85–0.88, and 0.86–0.88 for each type of task, respectively. All three pipelines allowed us to distinguish mathematical proficiency based on learning experience with different trade-offs between performance and explainability. Our results suggest that ML approaches could also be effective for recognizing individual cognitive traits using EEG.

DOI ↗ PDF ↗

Курсы (5)