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Ключарёв Василий Андреевич

Институт когнитивных нейронаук

Профиль на hse.ru ↗ тел.: +7 (495) 772-95-90 | 22370
Публикаций
93
Языков
1
Наград
10
Конференций
6
Профиль Публикации (93) Курсы (2)

Профессиональные интересы

нейроэкономикакогнитивная нейронаукатранскраниальная магнитная стимуляциямагнитоэнцефалография (МЭГ)

Должности

  • Заведующий лабораторией — Институт когнитивных нейронаук, Международная лаборатория социальной нейробиологии
  • Научный руководитель образовательной программы — Когнитивные науки и технологии: от нейрона к познанию

Био

  • · Начал работать в НИУ ВШЭ в 2013 году.
  • · Научно-педагогический стаж: 18 лет.

Образование

  • 2003 · Кандидат биологических наук: Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, специальность 03.03.06 «Нейробиология»
  • 1994 · Специалитет: Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, факультет: Биологический, специальность «Физиология», квалификация «Биолог-физиолог»

Опыт работы

  • · 2000 - 2004: научный сотрудник (постдок) в Университете Аалто (Хельсинки)
  • · 2004 - 2009: научный сотрудник в Эразмус институте Менеджмента (Роттердам) с
  • · 2009 г.: старший научный сотрудник и преподаватель Базельского университета, группа экономической психологии с
  • · 2013: по
  • · 2016: год профессор, заведующий департаментом психологии, заместитель декана факультета социальных наук НИУ ВШЭ с
  • · 2016 г. - по настоящее время: директор Института когнитивных нейронаук НИУ ВШЭ

Награды и поощрения

  • · Благодарственное письмо ректора НИУ ВШЭ (март 2024)
  • · Благодарность Высшей школы экономики (апрель 2016)
  • · Персональная надбавка ректора (2022–2023)
  • · Надбавка за защиту докторской диссертации (2024–2027)
  • · Надбавка за публикации, вносящие особый вклад в международную научную репутацию НИУ ВШЭ (2023–2025)
  • · Надбавка за публикацию в журнале из Списка А (и приравненном к нему научном издании) (2024–2025)
  • · Надбавка за публикацию в международном рецензируемом научном издании (2021–2022, 2020–2021, 2018–2020)
  • · Надбавка за регулярные публикации в международных рецензируемых научных изданиях (2025–2030)
  • · Надбавка за статью в зарубежном рецензируемом журнале (2015–2017)
  • · Лучший преподаватель — 2023–2024, 2018–2020, 2015

Гранты и проекты

  • — · на соискание учёной степени кандидата наук

Конференции (6)

Показать все
  • · 2019: Society for NeuroEconomics Conference 2019 (Dublin). Доклад: The N400 study of price perception
  • · 2018: Volga Neuroscience Meeting 2018 (Nizhny Novgorod). Доклад: Action in auctions: neural and computational learning mechanisms of repeated bidding
  • · 2017: Society for NeuroEconomics Conference 2017 (Toronto). Доклад: Fronto-parietal coupling of brain rhythms during third-party punishment
  • · 2016: IEEE International Symposium «Video and Audio Signal Processing in the Context of Neurotechnologies» (Санкт-Петербург). Доклад: Neurobiological mechanisms of social punishment
  • · 2016: Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroeconomics (Берлин). Доклад: The role of the temporo-parietal junction and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in third-party punishment of norm violations
  • · 2015: Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroeconomics (Майами). Доклад: Neural mechanisms of post-decisional spreading of alternatives: EEG study

Идентификаторы исследователя

Публикации (93)

Online Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Dorsomedial and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Cognition Decision Making, and Cognitive Dissonance

2025 · ARTICLE · en

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a powerful method for revealing causal links between specific brain regions and cognitive functions. While offline TMS has traditionally dominated cognitive neuroscience research, online repetitive TMS (rTMS) presents undoubted advantages, enabling stimulation concurrent with task performance. Leveraging advancements in this stimulation method, the study introduces a novel online rTMS protocol utilizing neuronavigation and robotic systems to precisely target dorsolateral and dorsomedial prefrontal cortices during an experimental procedure. Moreover, the utility of online rTMS in investigating the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive dissonance and neurochronometry of the choice-induced preference change was explored. For that purpose, a protocol for the high-frequency online rTMS was applied during the procedure with a within-subject blocked design and two control conditions. The study leads to principal conclusions for future TMS research, such as the importance of a proper set of time, location, and parameters of the stimulation, electric field modulation, and appropriate control conditions.

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Green urban environments enhance brain-to-brain synchrony

2025 · ARTICLE · en

Previous studies have demonstrated that people focus on fewer specific features of natural environments compared to built environments. This may imply that neural activity stronger converge across individuals in green environments than in built environments, where people may focus very differently on diverse and often overloading urban stimulation. We hypothesized that the similarity of mental states across individuals should increase during exposure to green environments compared to built environments. Thus, we conducted an electroencephalography study in which we measured the correlation of neural responses among 30 participants using the inter-subject correlation (ISC). Using the ISC method, we calculated the similarity of the brain activity of a group of people as they were exposed to videos of 5-minute walks through parks, boulevards, or busy roads. The behavioral results showed that on average, participants rated the videos of parks as 39 and 65% more relaxing than boulevards and busy roads, correspondingly. Our electrophysiological results showed that the average similarity in brain activity, as measured by ISCs, was significantly stronger during the observation of parks compared to boulevards and busy roads. On average, ISCs for parks were 26 and 40% higher compared to boulevards and busy roads, respectively. We also found that parks increase the similarity of brain activity, particularly in the delta band, which reflects the most evolutionary old and phylogenetically preserved cortical activity. Our results further confirm that during urban walks in busy boulevards and highways, people’s attention is distracted, as indicated by weaker brain synchronization between individuals.

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Posterior parietal cortex is causally involved in reward valuation but not in probability weighting during risky choice

2024 · ARTICLE · en

This study provides evidence that the posterior parietal cortex is causally involved in risky decision making via the processing of reward values but not reward probabilities. In the within-group experimental design, participants performed a binary lottery choice task following transcranial magnetic stimulation of the right posterior parietal cortex, left posterior parietal cortex, and a right posterior parietal cortex sham (placebo) stimulation. The continuous theta-burst stimulation protocol supposedly downregulating the cortical excitability was used. Both, mean–variance and the prospect theory approach to risky choice showed that the posterior parietal cortex stimulation shifted participants toward greater risk aversion compared with sham. On the behavioral level, after the posterior parietal cortex stimulation, the likelihood of choosing a safer option became more sensitive to the difference in standard deviations between lotteries, compared with sham, indicating greater risk avoidance within the mean–variance framework. We also estimated the shift in prospect theory parameters of risk preferences after posterior parietal cortex stimulation. The hierarchical Bayesian approach showed moderate evidence for a credible change in risk aversion parameter toward lower marginal reward value (and, hence, lower risk tolerance), while no credible change in probability weighting was observed. In addition, we observed anecdotal evidence for a credible increase in the consistency of responses after the left posterior parietal cortex stimulation compared with sham.

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Доверие к манипулятивной информации: от восприятия к принятию решений

2024 · ARTICLE · ru

Принятие решений находится под сильным влиянием доступной информации. Растущий объем и новые технологии создания манипулятивного контента потенциально создают высокие риски массовой дезориентации в информационном пространстве. В связи с этим особенно важно изучать междисциплинарные аспекты восприятия ложной и манипулятивной информации, ее влияния на процесс принятия решения и формирования выбора индивида. Статья иллюстрирует ключевые междисциплинарные подходы к изучению ряда важных категорий манипулятивной информации и демонстрирует технологическую эволюцию от распространенных медиа-манипуляций (на примере медиа фрейминга посредством эвфемизмов) к современным типам ложной информации (фейковые новости и дипфейки). Также рассматривается роль доверия к манипулятивной информации в контексте (а) источника, (б) содержания и (в) потребителя информационных манипуляций. Весь корпус междисциплинарных исследований демонстрирует, что доверие к манипулятивному контенту и его влияние на процесс принятия решений зависит от существенного количества факторов данных категорий. Теоретический обзор не только объединяет результаты ключевых исследований по психологии, социологии и экономике, но и существенно расширяет понимание особенностей влияния манипулятивной информации в контексте быстрого развития новых технологий.

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Impact of audio and video narratives describing financial successes and failures on risk-taking in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task

2024 · ARTICLE · en

Narratives can influence risk-taking by shaping perceptions and emotions. In the present study we used first-person audio and video narratives describing either financial successes, failures, or neutral events devoid of any risk references in order to investigate how these types of stimuli affect risk-taking performance in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART). Audio narratives of different types did not significantly alter risk-taking in the BART. However, videos depicting neutral narratives and narratives about financial successes surprisingly had risk-demoting influence compared to videos about financial failures, indexed by the percentage of popped balloons. The underlying reason for this finding remains to be understood. Additionally, gender differences emerged by the adjusted pumps measure in interaction with stimuli condition. Specifically, female participants displayed riskier tendencies after audio narratives, and conversely, video narratives led to a slight increase in risk-taking among male participants. These results emphasize the significant role of stimuli modality and indexing measures in risk-related studies.

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ERP Correlates of the Semantic Violations in the Deepfakes Containing Disinformation Regarding COVID-19: Pilot Study

2024 · CHAPTER · en

В данном исследовании изучались поведенческие и электрофизиологические реакции на аудиодипфейки, согласующиеся и не согласующиеся с установками слушателей, на тему вакцинации от COVID-19. Дипфейки воспроизводили голоса российских медиаинфлюенсеров (два типа спикеров: известный врач и COVID-диссидент), транслирующих высказывания, противоположные их публичной позиции. Мы предположили, что испытуемые будут выше оценивать утверждения, связанные с доверием, для дипфейков, согласующихся с их внутренними установками. Для регистрации мозговых реакций участников применялась электроэнцефалография (ЭЭГ); мы ожидали, что амплитуда N400-подобного компонента будет более негативной при прослушивании манипулятивной аудиозаписи (дипфейка), не соответствующей внутренним установкам испытуемых и публичной позиции спикера. В пилотном исследовании приняли участие 29 человек: они прослушивали дипфейки, оценивали степень согласия с утверждениями о доверии для каждой записи и заполняли опросники на аналитическое мышление, потребность в познании и склонность к конформизму. Поведенческие результаты показали, что оценки утверждений о доверии зависели от уровня потребности в познании и типа спикера. Что касается данных ЭЭГ, группа сторонников вакцинации продемонстрировала отсроченный N400-подобный ответ на высказывания COVID-диссидента, не соответствующие её публичной позиции, тогда как группа противников вакцинации показала аналогичный N400-подобный ответ на высказывания врача в формате дипфейка, не соответствующие его публичной позиции, что отражает восприятие неожиданной, но поддерживающей собственные установки информации.

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Event-Related Potentials in Response to Fake News Correction: Pilot Study

2024 · CHAPTER · en

Fake news has become a serious problem with the development of the Internet and social networks. Due to their rapid spread and influence on people's opinions and decision-making, the need to combat media fakes become evident. This pilot study investigated behavioral and neuropsychological responses to fake news corrections that indicate the presence of the fake. We used medical- and healthcare-related news headlines, both fake and accurate, and employed a short-format debunking correction (Truth/Fake) from authoritative and non-authoritative medical sources. 22 participants took part in the pilot study, assessing their trust in news headlines and the willingness to share them with others before and after the correction, while the electroencephalography (EEG) data were recorded. We hypothesized that the trust in the news and the willingness to share them would increase after the Truth-correction (indicating that the statement is correct) from the authoritative source, and would decrease after the Fake- correction (indicating that the statement is false) from the same source. On the neuropsychological level we assumed that the correction would elicit the Feedback-Related Negativity (FRN), and its amplitude would be larger in response to the Fake-correction, than to the Truth- correction, and would correlate with the magnitude of an individual opinion change. The results showed the significant effect of the corrections on the trust in headlines and willingness to share them. Authoritative Truth-corrections increased trust and willingness to share, while authoritative Fake-corrections decreased trust and willingness to share headlines. The EEG data showed the FRN/ P600 responses to the corrections. However, no significant differences between the FRN amplitudes across experimental conditions were found, and the component only correlated with the magnitude of willingness to share changes.

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Deciphering the neural responses to a naturalistic persuasive message

2024 · ARTICLE · en

Effective health promotion may benefit from understanding how persuasion emerges. While earlier research has identified brain regions implicated in persuasion, these studies often relied on event-related analyses and frequently simplified persuasive communications. The present study investigates the neural basis of valuation change induced by a persuasive healthy eating call, employing naturalistic stimuli. Fifty healthy participants performed two blocks of a bidding task, in which they had to bid on sugar-containing, sugar-free, and nonedible products during functional MRI. In between the two blocks, they listened to a persuasive healthy eating call that influenced their bidding behavior. Intriguingly, participants who resisted persuasion exhibited increased synchronization of brain activity during listening in several regions, including default mode network structures. Additionally, intersubject functional connectivity among these brain regions was found to be weaker in persuaded individuals. These results emphasize the individualized nature of processing persuasive messages, challenging conventional interpretations of synchronized neural activity. Our findings support the emerging practice of tailoring persuasive messages in health promotion campaigns

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Neuromodulation of choice-induced preference changes: the tDCS study of cognitive dissonance

2023 · ARTICLE · en

Introduction: Difficult choices between two equally attractive options result in a cognitive discrepancy between dissonant cognitions such as preferences and actions often followed by a sense of psychological discomfort known as cognitive dissonance. It can lead to changes in the desirability of options: the chosen option becomes more desirable, whereas the rejected option is devalued. Despite the ample experimental evidence to show this effect, the neural mechanisms and timing of such choice-induced preference changes are not fully understood. Methods: In this study, we used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to modulate the activity of the posterior medial frontal cortex (pMFC), which has been associated with conflict monitoring and choice-induced preference changes in neuroimaging studies. Prior to a revised version of Brehm’s free-choice paradigm, participants in two experiments underwent cathodal (inhibitory) or anodal (excitatory) tDCS of the pMFC compared to sham (placebo) stimulation prior to the choice phase. Results: Our results showed that cathodal tDCS significantly decreased the choice-induced preference change relative to a sham, but only in direct comparisons of rejected options. No significant effect of anodal tDCS in comparison with sham was observed. Discussion: This study replicates the general behavioral effect of cognitive dissonance and provides partial support for the theory of the pMFC contribution to choice-related cognitive dissonance and subsequent preference changes, with possible limitations of an under-sampling for the obtained effect size and an asymmetry in the inhibitory-excitatory effects of non-invasive tDCS.

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Neural mechanisms of expert persuasion on willingness to pay for sugar

2023 · ARTICLE · en

Sugar consumption is associated with many negative health consequences. It is, therefore, important to understand what can effectively influence individuals to consume less sugar. We recently showed that a healthy eating call by a health expert can significantly decrease the willingness to pay (WTP) for sugar-containing food. Here, we investigate which aspects of neural responses to the same healthy eating call can predict the efficacy of expert persuasion. Forty-five healthy participants performed two blocks of a bidding task, in which they had to bid on sugar-containing, sugar-free and non-edible products, while their electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded. In-between the two blocks, they listened to a healthy eating call by a nutritionist emphasizing the risks of sugar consumption. We found that after listening to the healthy eating call, participants significantly decreased their WTP for sugar-containing products. Moreover, higher intersubject correlation of EEG (a measure of engagement) during listening to the healthy eating call resulted in a larger decrease in WTP for sugar-containing food. Whether or not a participants’ valuation of a product was highly influenced by the healthy eating call could also be predicted by spatiotemporal patterns of EEG responses to the healthy eating call, using a machine learning classification model. Finally, the healthy eating call increased the amplitude of the P300 component of the visual event-related potential in response to sugar-containing food. Overall, our results shed light on the neural basis of expert persuasion and demonstrate that EEG is a powerful tool to design and assess health-related advertisements before they are released to the public.

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Курсы (2)