Мячиков Андрей Викторович
Институт когнитивных нейронаук
Профессиональные интересы
Должности
- Ведущий научный сотрудник — Институт когнитивных нейронаук, Центр исследований интеллекта и когнитивного благополучия
Био
- · Начал работать в НИУ ВШЭ в 2014 году.
- · Научно-педагогический стаж: 11 лет.
Образование
- 2007 · PhD: Университет Глазго, специальность 19.00.01 «Общая психология, психология личности, история психологии»
- 2004 · Магистратура: Университет Орегона, факультет: Психологии, специальность «Психология», квалификация «Магистр наук»
Опыт работы
- · 2014: Ведущий научный сотрудник НИУ ВШЭ с года
Награды и поощрения
- · Благодарственное письмо ректора НИУ ВШЭ (сентябрь 2021)
Гранты и проекты
- — · на соискание учёной степени кандидата наук
Конференции (5)
Показать все
- · 2025: CogSci2025 (Сан-Франциско). Доклад: Age-related changes in cognitive flexibility: fMRI meta‐analysis
- · 2018: 24th AMLaP conference, Architectures and Mechanisms of Language Processing (Берлин). Доклад: PERCEPTUAL PRIMING AND SYNTACTIC CHOICE IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE: MULTIMODAL STUDY.
- · 2018: 24th AMLaP conference, Architectures and Mechanisms of Language Processing (Берлин). Доклад: PERCEPTUAL PRIMING AND SYNTACTIC CHOICE IN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE: MULTIMODAL STUDY.
- · 2017: 5th Polish Eye Tracking Conference (Люблин). Доклад: The role of attention in sentence production: beyond visual modality
- · 2015: Cognition, Computation, Communication, and Perception: Theoretical and Neurobiological Bases of Higher Cognitive Functions (CCCP-2)”. (Москва). Доклад: Sensorimotor simulations of abstract and concrete knowledge representations.
Идентификаторы исследователя
- ORCID:
0000-0002-1489-8582 - ResearcherID:
A-7533-2012 - SPIN РИНЦ:
9025-2062 - Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.ru/citations?user=MJ2I2NsAAAAJ&hl=ru
- Scopus AuthorID:
10041512100
Публикации (94)
Bilingual experience modulates the embodiment of emotive concepts in non-native language
2026 · ARTICLE · en
This study explores the influence of proficiency, exposure, immersion, age of acquisition, and reduced emotional resonance on sensorimotor biases in first- (L1) and second-language (L2) processing of the emotive lexicon. Eighty-five bilingual students rated positively and negatively valenced words in L1 (Russian) and L2 (English). Our analysis showed facilitated reaction times (RTs) in congruent (e.g., positively valenced words + right-hand response, negatively valenced words + left hand) vs. incongruent conditions in both languages, confirming the presence of sensorimotor biases in L1 and L2 emotive lexicons. However, slower RTs in L2 attenuated by proficiency, exposure, and immersion, demonstrated a lesser degree of sensorimotor activation. Furthermore, reduced emotional resonance attenuated the sensorimotor activation in L2, slower RTs being associated with higher reduced emotional resonance. The present results indicate stronger sensorimotor activations accompanying words in L1 vs. L2, emphasising the role of individual differences in conceptualisation of emotive words in bilingual language use.
Interplay between switching, inhibition, and mental attention: An exploratory eye-tracking study
2026 · ARTICLE · en
Cognitive flexibility (CF) allows individuals to adapt their behavior to changing environmental demands. As task complexity increases, CF may substantially impact performance by facilitating a shift towards more efficient information processing strategies. However, its role in tasks with high cognitive demands remains largely unexplored. Furthermore, while CF is associated with inhibitory control and working memory functions, their precise relationship under task demands is not yet fully understood. To address this gap, we investigated how CF and inhibition metrics are associated with different levels of mental attentional demand (Md), as well as СF. Additionally, we explored differences in eye-movement indices associated with high and low CF in tasks with varied levels of Md. Analyzing data from 42 young participants performing CF, inhibition, and mental attention tasks with eye movement recording for the last task, we found that multidimensional switching (i.e., switching between three rules) correlated with mental attentional capacity, whereas two-dimensional switching (i.e., switching between two rules) correlated with inhibitory control. Individuals with low and high switching scores differed in task performance and eye-movement patterns of mental attentional demand (i.e., difficulty). Specifically, those with high efficiency in multidimensional switching exhibited superior performance across all levels of mental attentional demand. Further, high-efficiency performers employed eye-movement patterns characterized by an increased number of fixations, shorter fixation durations, and decreased blink rates, with significant differences observed at higher levels of mental-attention demand. Our findings offer new insights into psychophysiological metrics related to higher-order cognitive processes, discussed in terms of cognitive theory and practical significance.
Understanding emotions through biological motion in autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review
2026 · ARTICLE · en
Background Body movements convey crucial insights into emotions. Although autistic individuals may process these cues differently, the specific factors influencing emotion-from-motion perception in autism remain poorly understood. This systematic review synthesizes current research and highlights key findings in this area of study. Objectives This systematic review aimed to assess autistic individuals’ ability to recognize emotions through biological motion (operationalized via point-light displays or avatars) and to detect task- and stimulus-related factors that may affect emotion recognition quality. Design Relevant studies were selected from PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. Sixteen publications were eligible for the final review following strict selection criteria. The results were assessed specifically with respect to the experimental paradigms, stimulus characteristics, and control tasks (a range of non-emotion-from-motion tasks included in the reviewed studies). Results Methodological synthesis reveals that empirical heterogeneity is systematically linked to experimental design. Paradigm choice critically shapes outcomes, with consistent group differences in verbal naming tasks but not in perceptual rating or matching tasks. Over a third of studies omitted specific emotion analysis, and stimulus parameter investigations were scarce and inconsistent. Control task data vary widely across studies. Although some research suggests emotion-specific deficits, the inconsistent findings and absence of standardized, well-matched control paradigms make it impossible to draw firm conclusions. Conclusion While difficulties in emotion-from-motion perception in autism are widely reported, they represent a profile highly sensitive to methodological context, not a uniform deficit. The field is hampered by methodological fragmentation and insufficient replication. Future research must prioritize cross-paradigm comparisons, open science, and systematic stimulus exploration to clarify the specific conditions underlying perceptual differences.
Biological motion perception in social and non‑social contexts: Differential links between fine motor skills and autistic traits
2026 · ARTICLE · en
Biological motion perception, a core neurocognitive capacity essential for navigating dynamic environments, requires integration of sensory, motor, and social cues. Autistic individuals often experience co-occurring differences in social and motor processing, which may collectively shape biological motion perception, though these putative interactive effects remain unclear. This study examined how motor abilities relate to biological motion perception in social and non-social contexts in adults with varying levels of autistic traits. Using Autism Spectrum Quotient metric, forty-one volunteers were divided into high autistic trait (n = 20) and low autistic trait (n = 21) groups. Participants completed action and social interaction recognition tasks using point-light displays, with fine motor skills assessed via the Nine Hole Peg Test. While both groups achieved ceiling‑level accuracy and showed comparable reaction times in the action task, the high‑trait group responded significantly slower than the low‑trait one when recognizing social interactions. Notably, the association between fine motor skills and biological motion recognition differed in a context‑ and spectrum‑dependent manner. In the low‑trait group, the relationship between fine motor skills and task performance differed between the two tasks, with a descriptively stronger association for action recognition than for interaction recognition. Such a differentiated pattern was not observed in the high‑trait group. These findings suggest that, in individuals with elevated autistic traits, the absence of a context‑dependent link between fine motor skills and biological motion perception could be associated with slower processing of social interactions.
Embodied language and early motor restriction: evidence from children with obstetric brachial plexus palsy and arthrogryposis
2026 · ARTICLE · en
Embodied and embedded cognition (EEC) theory proposes that language and cognitive development emerge from bodily interactions with the environment, yet empirical tests of this claim in clinical developmental populations remain rare. This mini-review synthesizes behavioral, electrophysiological, and structural neuroimaging evidence from children with serious early motor disorders—obstetric brachial plexus palsy and arthrogryposis multiplex congenita—which restrict upper limb movement from birth or before, providing a unique opportunity to test EEC predictions in a motor-restricted population. The results reveal a gradient of cognitive and linguistic alterations: from domain-specific deficits in action-verb semantics and verbal fluency, to broader impairments in memory, categorical reasoning, and naturalistic neural processing. Based on these multimodal findings, we propose that early sensorimotor restriction does not only affect motor systems but may shape the neurodevelopmental trajectory of language and other distributed cognitive architectures through mechanisms of embodied grounding.
Bilingualism, sleep, and cognition: An integrative view and open research questions
2025 · ARTICLE · en
Sleep and language are fundamental to human existence and have both been shown to substantially affect cognitive functioning including memory, attentional performance, and cognitive control. Surprisingly, there is little-to-no research that examines the shared impact of bilingualism and sleep on cognitive functions. In this paper, we provide a general overview of existing research on the interplay between bilingualism and sleep with a specific focus on executive functioning. First, we highlight their interconnections and the resulting implications for cognitive performance. Second, we emphasize the need to explore how bilingualism and sleep intersect at cognitive and neural levels, offering insights into potential ways of studying the interplay between sleep, language learning, and bilingual language use. Finally, we suggest that understanding these relationships could enhance our knowledge of reserve and its role in mitigating age-related cognitive decline.
Aging-related changes in cognitive flexibility: fMRI meta‐analysis
2025 · ARTICLE · en
Cognitive flexibility—the ability to adaptively shift between different mental processes—is essential for human functioning. This meta-analysis examines age-related changes in neural correlates of cognitive flexibility using two common assessments: the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (rule-discovery) and Task-Switching Paradigm (rule-retrieval). We synthesized findings from 85 articles comprising 118 experiments with 2246 participants across young, middle-age, and older adult groups. Activation Likelihood Estimation analyses revealed an age-related decrease in neural involvement, particularly in posterior regions, with an anterior shift in older adults. Younger adults exhibited bilateral activation patterns while older adults showed left-dominant activity, indicating neural circuit redistribution. Rule-retrieval tasks consistently engaged left-lateralized frontoparietal regions across all age groups, with middle-age adults additionally recruiting the right cerebellum and medial frontal gyrus. For rule-discovery tasks, age-related changes were observed in bilateral frontoparietal regions, with older adults showing unique activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus. These findings highlight differential aging trajectories for rule-retrieval versus rule-discovery processes, reflecting changes in neural mechanisms with aging. Furthermore, middle-age adults recruited additional regions related to conflict monitoring, whereas older adults relied more on planning-related areas, suggesting strategy differences. Our study provides critical insights into the neural underpinnings of cognitive flexibility and its age-related changes, emphasizing the need for research on mechanisms and task-specific age trajectories.
Cognitive flexibility and cognitive demands: An eye tracking investigation
2025 · CHAPTER · en
Cognitive flexibility is crucial for adapting behavior to shifting demands, particularly in tasks with varying cognitive requirements. This study examines the relationship between cognitive flexibility levels and eye movement parameters across six difficulty levels. Results show that highly flexible individuals consistently outperform those with lower flexibility, demonstrating more fixations, shorter fixation durations, and reduced blinking. Notable differences in eye movement patterns become apparent at the highest difficulty levels (5-6), emphasizing the importance of switching abilities in complex cognitive tasks. These findings offer new perspectives on psychophysiological measurements of higher-order cognition, with significant implications for cognitive theory.
Surface neatness as an index of aesthetic value of everyday objects
2025 · ARTICLE · en
Introduction: Surface neatness is a fundamental yet underexplored determinant of the aesthetic evaluation of everyday objects. While prior research has typically examined individual surface features - such as gloss, shine, dirt, or scratches - in isolation, the holistic impact of surface neatness has received little systematic attention. Methods: In this study, participants viewed images of objects from five categories (household items, tools, personal use items, stationery, and kitchen utensils), each presented in three surface conditions: untidy (displaying mechanical and hygienic defects), neutral (without visible defects), and neat (exhibiting gloss and cleanliness). For each object, participants provided a preference rating reflecting their aesthetic evaluation. Results: Analysis revealed a robust effect of surface neatness on aesthetic preference: objects in the untidy condition consistently received the lowest ratings, while neat surfaces were rated most attractive. The differences between all surface conditions were statistically significant. Discussion: These results demonstrate that surface neatness is a dynamic and salient factor shaping the perceived value and desirability of everyday objects. The findings underscore the need for more rigorous operationalization of surface properties in empirical research on human-object interaction and suggest practical applications for product design, consumer psychology, and sustainable practices, where surface conditions directly influence aesthetic experience and object appeal.
Эстетическая привлекательность повседневных предметов в эмпирических исследованиях: обзор и перспективы
2025 · ARTICLE · ru
Эстетические характеристики окружающих нас повседневных предметов влияют на когнитивные процессы, поведение и субъективное благополучие человека. Однако их объективное исследование остаётся сложной задачей, поскольку традиционные подходы к эстетике опираются на субъективные оценки, что затрудняет систематический контроль. В данной обзорной работе мы ищем пути к преодолению этих ограничений и выявлению эстетических параметров, поддающихся строгому управлению в экспериментальных условиях. Рассматриваются основные переменные, используемые в оценке эстетической привлекательности объектов, и их ограничения. Формулируются критерии, которым должен соответствовать эстетический признак, подходящий для экспериментальной манипуляции. В качестве перспективной альтернативы существующим подходам предлагается опрятность поверхности как контролируемый параметр с выраженной валентностью. Анализируются её преимущества, методологические ограничения и перспективы применения в когнитивных науках.
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