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Штыров Юрий Юрьевич

Институт когнитивных нейронаук

Профиль на hse.ru ↗ тел.: 2237
Публикаций
155
Языков
3
Наград
3
Конференций
5
Профиль Публикации (155) Курсы (0)

Профессиональные интересы

физиология центральной нервной системыязыкэкспериментальная психологиякогнитивная нейронауканейровизуализация

Должности

  • Директор центра — Институт когнитивных нейронаук, Центр исследований интеллекта и когнитивного благополучия
  • Ведущий научный сотрудник — Институт когнитивных нейронаук, Центр исследований интеллекта и когнитивного благополучия
  • Ведущий научный сотрудник — Институт когнитивных нейронаук, Центр нейроэкономики и когнитивных исследований

Био

  • · Начал работать в НИУ ВШЭ в 2013 году.
  • · Научно-педагогический стаж: 25 лет.

Образование

  • 2001 · PhD: Университет Хельсинки
  • 1994 · Специалитет: Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, специальность «Физиология», квалификация «Биолог-физиолог»

Опыт работы

  • · Yury Shtyrov (Professor, Head of MEG/EEG at the Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus University; Visiting Professor/PI at the HSE CDM Centre) has many years of international experience in studying human neurocognitive functions, in particular neurobiological foundations of the human speech and language function. His particular contribution to the science of language has been in uncovering early and automatic stages of language processing and in detailing the time course of spoken language comprehension in the brain. This work has to a large extent contributed to a dramatic change in our understanding of how the brain analyses speech, which has occurred in recent years. It shows how memory traces for linguistic elements in the brain can be probed using objective imaging tools, how they develop with learning, interact on different levels, as well as the interaction between the cognitive systems of language and attention. Most importantly, this work shows that these different processes occur rapidly and in parallel, something that was first met with disbelief but is now becoming generally accepted thanks to this and similar work. We are very pleased to have Prof. Shtyrov as our close collaborator in a range of projects focussed on human mechanisms of comminication, perception and cognitive control using MEG, EEG, TMS, behavioural and other methodologies.
  • · 2013–настоящее время Professor - Head of MEG Group MINDLab - Centre for Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN) Institute for Clinical Medicine Aarhus University, Denmark
  • · 2011–2012: Professor - Director of the Cognitive Brain Research Unit at the IBS - Universityof Helsinki, Institute of Behavioural Sciences (IBS), Helsinki, Finland
  • · 2007–2013: Senior Scientist (Programme Leader Track) and Head of Magneto- and Electroencephalography (since 2011) - Medical Research Council (MRC), Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit. Cambridge, United Kingdom
  • · 2000–2007: Research Associate (Post-Doctoral Research Scientist)
  • · 2000-2003: / Senior Investigator Scientist
  • · 2003-2007: Since
  • · 2006: also MEG Lab Manager - MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit. Cambridge, United Kingdom
  • · 1997–2000: Researcher - Cognitive Brain Research Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki,Finland
  • · 1994–1997: Младший научный сотрудник - Отдел физиологии и патологии речи, СПб НИИ Уха, Горла, Носа и Речи. Санкт-Петербург, Россия

Награды и поощрения

  • · Благодарственное письмо ректора НИУ ВШЭ (сентябрь 2021)
  • · Надбавка за публикацию в журнале из Списка А (и приравненном к нему научном издании) (2025–2026)
  • · Надбавка за публикацию в международном рецензируемом научном издании (2021–2022)

Гранты и проекты

  • 2015 · AUFF Research Foundation, Denmark, 2014. PI on a 6-month visiting professorship grant, DKK 284 000, 2014-2015.
  • 2017 · Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark, 2014. PI on 3-year project grant: Neural Speech Processing as Covert Index of Consciousness in Coma, Vegetative State, and Minimally Conscious Patients. DKK ~1.6 mln (~€ 210 000), 2014-2017.
  • 2016 · Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark, 2013. PI on 3-year project grant: Rapid formation of lexical memory circuits in human neocortex. DKK 3 mln (~€ 400 000), 2014-2016.
  • — · Pufendorf Institute, Lund, Sweden, 2013. HuMeNs - – Advanced Study Group on neuroscience of knowledge acquisition. Co-applicants: Profs. M. Lindgren, M. Horne, F. Ståhlberg, D Topgaard et al. (Lund U), ~100000 SEK.
  • 2017 · Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council & Medical Research Council, UK, 2012. Co-PI on 5-year partnership programme grant: Building capacity in UK clinical MEG research. Co-applicants: Profs K. Singh (U Cardiff), K. Nobre (U Oxford), Dr G. Barnes (UCL) et al. ~£1.3 mln. 2013-2017.
  • 2013 · European Commission Tempus IV programme, 2010. Co-PI on a 3.5-year project grant: Postgraduate training network in biotechnology of 3.5-year project grant. Co-applicants: K. Kaila, (Helsinki U)., I. Pavlov (UCL), A. Shestakova (St. Petersburg U.), V. Klucharev (FC Donders) et al. ~€ 1 mln. 2010-2013.
  • 2011 · Federal Agency for Science and Innovation, Russian Federation, 2010. PI on a 2-year project grant №02.740.11.5148: Introduction of novel methodologies into science, medicine and education in RF: using magnetoencephalography for mapping brain function. RUB 2 mln. 2010-2011.
  • 2014 · Medical Research Council, UK, 2009. PI on 5-year research programme U.1055.04.014.00001.01: Early automaticity of neural language processing: lexical, morphosyntactic and methodological perspectives. ~£1.4 mln. 2009-2014.
  • 2011 · GlaxoSmithKline, UK, 2009. Co-PI on a 2-year industrial collaborative research programme: Biomarkers of schizophrenia. PIs: Profs F. Pulvermuller & Y. Shtyrov. £ 150 000, 2009-2011.
  • 2016 · Elekta Neuromag Ltd, Sweden-Finland, 2006. Co-PI on a 10-year industrial research collaboration programme: Clinical utility of magnetoencephalography. PIs: Profs F. Pulvermuller, Y. Shtyrov, R. Henson. £ 100 000. 2007-2016.
  • 2009 · European Commission Tempus programme, 2005. Co-PI on a 3.5-year project grant. Co-applicants: Drs I. Pavlov (UCL), A. Shestakova (Helsinki U.), O. Pongs (Hamburg U.), V. Klucharev (FC Donders), I. Kanunikov (St. Petersburg U.). € 500 000. 2006-2009.
  • 2003 · Finnish Graduate School of Psychology, 1999. Four-year PhD research fellowship, FIM 400 000. 1999-2003.
  • 2000 · Cognitive Brain Research Unit, University of Helsinki, Finland, 1998. Two-year research grant, funded by the Finnish Work Environment Fund. Co-applicant: Dr. T. Kujala. FIM 300 000. 1998-2000
  • 1999 · University of Helsinki, Finland, 1998. Six-month personal grant. FIM 9 000. 1998-1999
  • — · Centre for International Mobility, Finland, 1998. Six-month personal research grant. FIM 36 000
  • 1998 · Centre for International Mobility, Finland, 1997. One-year personal research grant. FIM 60 000. 1997-1998.

Конференции (5)

Показать все
  • · 2025: CogSci2025 (Сан-Франциско). Доклад: Age-related changes in cognitive flexibility: fMRI meta‐analysis
  • · 2018: 24th AMLaP conference, Architectures and Mechanisms of Language Processing (Берлин). Доклад: PERCEPTUAL PRIMING AND SYNTACTIC CHOICE IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE: MULTIMODAL STUDY.
  • · 2018: 24th AMLaP conference, Architectures and Mechanisms of Language Processing (Берлин). Доклад: PERCEPTUAL PRIMING AND SYNTACTIC CHOICE IN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE: MULTIMODAL STUDY.
  • · 2017: 5th Polish Eye Tracking Conference (Люблин). Доклад: The role of attention in sentence production: beyond visual modality
  • · 2016: 8th Annual Meeting of the Society for the Neurobiology of Language (Лондон). Доклад: The effects of cross-linguistic phonologic and semantic overlap in masked priming paradigm: behavioral and ERP evidence

Идентификаторы исследователя

Публикации (155)

Fast reconfiguration of high frequency brain networks in response to surprising changes in auditory input

2012 · ARTICLE · en

How do human brain networks react to dynamic changes in the sensory environment? We measured rapid changes in brain network organization in response to brief, discrete, salient auditory stimuli. We estimated network topology and distance parameters in the immediate central response period,

When Do You Grasp The Idea? MEG Evidence For Instantaneous Idiom Understanding

2012 · ARTICLE · en

We investigated the time-course of cortical activation during comprehension of literal and idiomatic sentences using MEG and anatomically guided distributed source analysis. Previous fMRI work had shown that the comprehension of sentences including action-related words elicits somatotopic semantic activation along the motor strip, reflecting meaning aspects of constituent words. Furthermore, idioms more strongly activated temporal pole and prefrontal cortex than literal sentences. Here we show that, compared to literal sentences, processing of idioms in a silent reading task modulates anterior fronto-temporal activity very early-on, already 150-250 ms after the sentences' critical disambiguating words ("kick the habit"). In parallel, the meaning of action words embedded in sentences is reflected by somatotopic activation of precentral motor systems. As neural reflections of constituent parts of idiomatic sentences are manifest at the same early latencies as brain indexes of idiomatic vs. literal meaning processing, we suggest that within ¼ of a second, compositional and abstract context-driven semantic processes in parallel contribute to the understanding of idiom meaning.

Neural bases of rapid word learning

2012 · ARTICLE · en

Humans are unique in developing large lexicons as their communication tool; to achieve this, they are able to learn new words rapidly. However, neural bases of this rapid learning, which may be an expression of a more general cognitive mechanism likely rooted in plasticity at cellular and synaptic levels, are not yet understood. In this update, the author highlights a selection of recent studies that attempted to trace word learning in the human brain noninvasively. A number of brain areas, most notably in hippocampus and neocortex, appear to take part in word acquisition. Critically, the currently available data not only demonstrate the hippocampal role in rapid encoding followed by slow-rate consolidation of cortical word memory traces but also suggest immediate neocortical involvement in the word memory trace formation. Echoing early behavioral studies in ultra-rapid word learning, the reviewed neuroimaging experiments can be taken to suggest that our brain may effectively form new cortical circuits online, as it gets exposed to novel linguistic patterns in the sensory input.

Can language-action links explain language laterality? An ERP study of perceptual and articulatory learning of novel pseudowords

2012 · ARTICLE · en

We here investigate whether the well-known laterality of spoken language to the dominant left hemisphere could be explained by the learning of sensorimotor links between a word's articulatory program and its corresponding sound structure. Human-specific asymmetry of acoustic-articulatory connectivity is evident structurally, at the neuroanatomical level, in the arcuate fascicle, which connects superior-temporal and frontal cortices and is more developed in the left hemisphere. Because these left-lateralised fronto-temporal fibres provide a substrate for auditory-motor associations, we hypothesised that learning of acoustic-articulatory coincidences produces laterality, whereas perceptual learning does not. Twenty subjects studied a large (n=48) set of novel meaningless syllable combinations, pseudowords, in a perceptual learning condition, where they carefully listened to repeatedly presented novel items, and, crucially, in an articulatory learning condition, where each item had to be repeated immediately, so that articulatory and auditory speech-evoked cortical activations coincided. In the 14 subjects who successfully passed the learning routine and could recognize the learnt items reliably, both perceptual and articulatory learning were found to lead to an increase of pseudoword-elicited event-related potentials (ERPs), thus reflecting the formation of new memory circuits. Importantly, after articulatory learning, pseudoword-elicited ERPs were more strongly left-lateralised than after perceptual learning. Source localisation confirmed that perceptual learning led to increased activation in superior-temporal cortex bilaterally, whereas items learnt in the articulatory condition activated bilateral superior-temporal auditory in combination with left-pre-central motor areas. These results support a new explanation of the laterality of spoken language based on the neuroanatomy of sensorimotor links and Hebbian learning principles.

Магнитоэнцефалография – новейший метод функционального картирования мозга человека

2012 · ARTICLE · ru

Статья посвящена методу магнитоэнцефалографии (МЭГ) и его применению в когнитивных исследованиях. МЭГ – одна из современных технологий нейроимиджинга. Данный метод обладает уникальными характеристиками, позволяющими с высокой точностью локализовать источники активности нейронных популяций коры головного мозга человека в пространстве и времени. Наряду с исследованиями базовых сенсорных и моторных функций мозга, МЭГ является незаменимым инструментом исследования динамики когнитивных процессов памяти, внимания, эмоций и др. Особый акцент в обзоре сделан на использовании МЭГ для изучения мозговых механизмов языка и речи.

Курсы (0)

Нет курсов.