Штыров Юрий Юрьевич
Институт когнитивных нейронаук
Профессиональные интересы
Должности
- Директор центра — Институт когнитивных нейронаук, Центр исследований интеллекта и когнитивного благополучия
- Ведущий научный сотрудник — Институт когнитивных нейронаук, Центр исследований интеллекта и когнитивного благополучия
- Ведущий научный сотрудник — Институт когнитивных нейронаук, Центр нейроэкономики и когнитивных исследований
Био
- · Начал работать в НИУ ВШЭ в 2013 году.
- · Научно-педагогический стаж: 25 лет.
Образование
- 2001 · PhD: Университет Хельсинки
- 1994 · Специалитет: Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, специальность «Физиология», квалификация «Биолог-физиолог»
Опыт работы
- · Yury Shtyrov (Professor, Head of MEG/EEG at the Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus University; Visiting Professor/PI at the HSE CDM Centre) has many years of international experience in studying human neurocognitive functions, in particular neurobiological foundations of the human speech and language function. His particular contribution to the science of language has been in uncovering early and automatic stages of language processing and in detailing the time course of spoken language comprehension in the brain. This work has to a large extent contributed to a dramatic change in our understanding of how the brain analyses speech, which has occurred in recent years. It shows how memory traces for linguistic elements in the brain can be probed using objective imaging tools, how they develop with learning, interact on different levels, as well as the interaction between the cognitive systems of language and attention. Most importantly, this work shows that these different processes occur rapidly and in parallel, something that was first met with disbelief but is now becoming generally accepted thanks to this and similar work. We are very pleased to have Prof. Shtyrov as our close collaborator in a range of projects focussed on human mechanisms of comminication, perception and cognitive control using MEG, EEG, TMS, behavioural and other methodologies.
- · 2013–настоящее время Professor - Head of MEG Group MINDLab - Centre for Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN) Institute for Clinical Medicine Aarhus University, Denmark
- · 2011–2012: Professor - Director of the Cognitive Brain Research Unit at the IBS - Universityof Helsinki, Institute of Behavioural Sciences (IBS), Helsinki, Finland
- · 2007–2013: Senior Scientist (Programme Leader Track) and Head of Magneto- and Electroencephalography (since 2011) - Medical Research Council (MRC), Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit. Cambridge, United Kingdom
- · 2000–2007: Research Associate (Post-Doctoral Research Scientist)
- · 2000-2003: / Senior Investigator Scientist
- · 2003-2007: Since
- · 2006: also MEG Lab Manager - MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit. Cambridge, United Kingdom
- · 1997–2000: Researcher - Cognitive Brain Research Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki,Finland
- · 1994–1997: Младший научный сотрудник - Отдел физиологии и патологии речи, СПб НИИ Уха, Горла, Носа и Речи. Санкт-Петербург, Россия
Награды и поощрения
- · Благодарственное письмо ректора НИУ ВШЭ (сентябрь 2021)
- · Надбавка за публикацию в журнале из Списка А (и приравненном к нему научном издании) (2025–2026)
- · Надбавка за публикацию в международном рецензируемом научном издании (2021–2022)
Гранты и проекты
- 2015 · AUFF Research Foundation, Denmark, 2014. PI on a 6-month visiting professorship grant, DKK 284 000, 2014-2015.
- 2017 · Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark, 2014. PI on 3-year project grant: Neural Speech Processing as Covert Index of Consciousness in Coma, Vegetative State, and Minimally Conscious Patients. DKK ~1.6 mln (~€ 210 000), 2014-2017.
- 2016 · Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark, 2013. PI on 3-year project grant: Rapid formation of lexical memory circuits in human neocortex. DKK 3 mln (~€ 400 000), 2014-2016.
- — · Pufendorf Institute, Lund, Sweden, 2013. HuMeNs - – Advanced Study Group on neuroscience of knowledge acquisition. Co-applicants: Profs. M. Lindgren, M. Horne, F. Ståhlberg, D Topgaard et al. (Lund U), ~100000 SEK.
- 2017 · Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council & Medical Research Council, UK, 2012. Co-PI on 5-year partnership programme grant: Building capacity in UK clinical MEG research. Co-applicants: Profs K. Singh (U Cardiff), K. Nobre (U Oxford), Dr G. Barnes (UCL) et al. ~£1.3 mln. 2013-2017.
- 2013 · European Commission Tempus IV programme, 2010. Co-PI on a 3.5-year project grant: Postgraduate training network in biotechnology of 3.5-year project grant. Co-applicants: K. Kaila, (Helsinki U)., I. Pavlov (UCL), A. Shestakova (St. Petersburg U.), V. Klucharev (FC Donders) et al. ~€ 1 mln. 2010-2013.
- 2011 · Federal Agency for Science and Innovation, Russian Federation, 2010. PI on a 2-year project grant №02.740.11.5148: Introduction of novel methodologies into science, medicine and education in RF: using magnetoencephalography for mapping brain function. RUB 2 mln. 2010-2011.
- 2014 · Medical Research Council, UK, 2009. PI on 5-year research programme U.1055.04.014.00001.01: Early automaticity of neural language processing: lexical, morphosyntactic and methodological perspectives. ~£1.4 mln. 2009-2014.
- 2011 · GlaxoSmithKline, UK, 2009. Co-PI on a 2-year industrial collaborative research programme: Biomarkers of schizophrenia. PIs: Profs F. Pulvermuller & Y. Shtyrov. £ 150 000, 2009-2011.
- 2016 · Elekta Neuromag Ltd, Sweden-Finland, 2006. Co-PI on a 10-year industrial research collaboration programme: Clinical utility of magnetoencephalography. PIs: Profs F. Pulvermuller, Y. Shtyrov, R. Henson. £ 100 000. 2007-2016.
- 2009 · European Commission Tempus programme, 2005. Co-PI on a 3.5-year project grant. Co-applicants: Drs I. Pavlov (UCL), A. Shestakova (Helsinki U.), O. Pongs (Hamburg U.), V. Klucharev (FC Donders), I. Kanunikov (St. Petersburg U.). € 500 000. 2006-2009.
- 2003 · Finnish Graduate School of Psychology, 1999. Four-year PhD research fellowship, FIM 400 000. 1999-2003.
- 2000 · Cognitive Brain Research Unit, University of Helsinki, Finland, 1998. Two-year research grant, funded by the Finnish Work Environment Fund. Co-applicant: Dr. T. Kujala. FIM 300 000. 1998-2000
- 1999 · University of Helsinki, Finland, 1998. Six-month personal grant. FIM 9 000. 1998-1999
- — · Centre for International Mobility, Finland, 1998. Six-month personal research grant. FIM 36 000
- 1998 · Centre for International Mobility, Finland, 1997. One-year personal research grant. FIM 60 000. 1997-1998.
Конференции (5)
Показать все
- · 2025: CogSci2025 (Сан-Франциско). Доклад: Age-related changes in cognitive flexibility: fMRI meta‐analysis
- · 2018: 24th AMLaP conference, Architectures and Mechanisms of Language Processing (Берлин). Доклад: PERCEPTUAL PRIMING AND SYNTACTIC CHOICE IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE: MULTIMODAL STUDY.
- · 2018: 24th AMLaP conference, Architectures and Mechanisms of Language Processing (Берлин). Доклад: PERCEPTUAL PRIMING AND SYNTACTIC CHOICE IN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE: MULTIMODAL STUDY.
- · 2017: 5th Polish Eye Tracking Conference (Люблин). Доклад: The role of attention in sentence production: beyond visual modality
- · 2016: 8th Annual Meeting of the Society for the Neurobiology of Language (Лондон). Доклад: The effects of cross-linguistic phonologic and semantic overlap in masked priming paradigm: behavioral and ERP evidence
Идентификаторы исследователя
- ORCID:
0000-0001-7203-4902 - ResearcherID:
I-3421-2013 - Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.ru/citations?user=VqgPbV0AAAAJ&hl=en
- Scopus AuthorID:
6701617874
Публикации (155)
Bilingual experience modulates the embodiment of emotive concepts in non-native language
2026 · ARTICLE · en
This study explores the influence of proficiency, exposure, immersion, age of acquisition, and reduced emotional resonance on sensorimotor biases in first- (L1) and second-language (L2) processing of the emotive lexicon. Eighty-five bilingual students rated positively and negatively valenced words in L1 (Russian) and L2 (English). Our analysis showed facilitated reaction times (RTs) in congruent (e.g., positively valenced words + right-hand response, negatively valenced words + left hand) vs. incongruent conditions in both languages, confirming the presence of sensorimotor biases in L1 and L2 emotive lexicons. However, slower RTs in L2 attenuated by proficiency, exposure, and immersion, demonstrated a lesser degree of sensorimotor activation. Furthermore, reduced emotional resonance attenuated the sensorimotor activation in L2, slower RTs being associated with higher reduced emotional resonance. The present results indicate stronger sensorimotor activations accompanying words in L1 vs. L2, emphasising the role of individual differences in conceptualisation of emotive words in bilingual language use.
Interplay between switching, inhibition, and mental attention: An exploratory eye-tracking study
2026 · ARTICLE · en
Cognitive flexibility (CF) allows individuals to adapt their behavior to changing environmental demands. As task complexity increases, CF may substantially impact performance by facilitating a shift towards more efficient information processing strategies. However, its role in tasks with high cognitive demands remains largely unexplored. Furthermore, while CF is associated with inhibitory control and working memory functions, their precise relationship under task demands is not yet fully understood. To address this gap, we investigated how CF and inhibition metrics are associated with different levels of mental attentional demand (Md), as well as СF. Additionally, we explored differences in eye-movement indices associated with high and low CF in tasks with varied levels of Md. Analyzing data from 42 young participants performing CF, inhibition, and mental attention tasks with eye movement recording for the last task, we found that multidimensional switching (i.e., switching between three rules) correlated with mental attentional capacity, whereas two-dimensional switching (i.e., switching between two rules) correlated with inhibitory control. Individuals with low and high switching scores differed in task performance and eye-movement patterns of mental attentional demand (i.e., difficulty). Specifically, those with high efficiency in multidimensional switching exhibited superior performance across all levels of mental attentional demand. Further, high-efficiency performers employed eye-movement patterns characterized by an increased number of fixations, shorter fixation durations, and decreased blink rates, with significant differences observed at higher levels of mental-attention demand. Our findings offer new insights into psychophysiological metrics related to higher-order cognitive processes, discussed in terms of cognitive theory and practical significance.
Understanding emotions through biological motion in autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review
2026 · ARTICLE · en
Background Body movements convey crucial insights into emotions. Although autistic individuals may process these cues differently, the specific factors influencing emotion-from-motion perception in autism remain poorly understood. This systematic review synthesizes current research and highlights key findings in this area of study. Objectives This systematic review aimed to assess autistic individuals’ ability to recognize emotions through biological motion (operationalized via point-light displays or avatars) and to detect task- and stimulus-related factors that may affect emotion recognition quality. Design Relevant studies were selected from PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. Sixteen publications were eligible for the final review following strict selection criteria. The results were assessed specifically with respect to the experimental paradigms, stimulus characteristics, and control tasks (a range of non-emotion-from-motion tasks included in the reviewed studies). Results Methodological synthesis reveals that empirical heterogeneity is systematically linked to experimental design. Paradigm choice critically shapes outcomes, with consistent group differences in verbal naming tasks but not in perceptual rating or matching tasks. Over a third of studies omitted specific emotion analysis, and stimulus parameter investigations were scarce and inconsistent. Control task data vary widely across studies. Although some research suggests emotion-specific deficits, the inconsistent findings and absence of standardized, well-matched control paradigms make it impossible to draw firm conclusions. Conclusion While difficulties in emotion-from-motion perception in autism are widely reported, they represent a profile highly sensitive to methodological context, not a uniform deficit. The field is hampered by methodological fragmentation and insufficient replication. Future research must prioritize cross-paradigm comparisons, open science, and systematic stimulus exploration to clarify the specific conditions underlying perceptual differences.
Biological motion perception in social and non‑social contexts: Differential links between fine motor skills and autistic traits
2026 · ARTICLE · en
Biological motion perception, a core neurocognitive capacity essential for navigating dynamic environments, requires integration of sensory, motor, and social cues. Autistic individuals often experience co-occurring differences in social and motor processing, which may collectively shape biological motion perception, though these putative interactive effects remain unclear. This study examined how motor abilities relate to biological motion perception in social and non-social contexts in adults with varying levels of autistic traits. Using Autism Spectrum Quotient metric, forty-one volunteers were divided into high autistic trait (n = 20) and low autistic trait (n = 21) groups. Participants completed action and social interaction recognition tasks using point-light displays, with fine motor skills assessed via the Nine Hole Peg Test. While both groups achieved ceiling‑level accuracy and showed comparable reaction times in the action task, the high‑trait group responded significantly slower than the low‑trait one when recognizing social interactions. Notably, the association between fine motor skills and biological motion recognition differed in a context‑ and spectrum‑dependent manner. In the low‑trait group, the relationship between fine motor skills and task performance differed between the two tasks, with a descriptively stronger association for action recognition than for interaction recognition. Such a differentiated pattern was not observed in the high‑trait group. These findings suggest that, in individuals with elevated autistic traits, the absence of a context‑dependent link between fine motor skills and biological motion perception could be associated with slower processing of social interactions.
Aging-related changes in cognitive flexibility: fMRI meta‐analysis
2025 · ARTICLE · en
Cognitive flexibility—the ability to adaptively shift between different mental processes—is essential for human functioning. This meta-analysis examines age-related changes in neural correlates of cognitive flexibility using two common assessments: the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (rule-discovery) and Task-Switching Paradigm (rule-retrieval). We synthesized findings from 85 articles comprising 118 experiments with 2246 participants across young, middle-age, and older adult groups. Activation Likelihood Estimation analyses revealed an age-related decrease in neural involvement, particularly in posterior regions, with an anterior shift in older adults. Younger adults exhibited bilateral activation patterns while older adults showed left-dominant activity, indicating neural circuit redistribution. Rule-retrieval tasks consistently engaged left-lateralized frontoparietal regions across all age groups, with middle-age adults additionally recruiting the right cerebellum and medial frontal gyrus. For rule-discovery tasks, age-related changes were observed in bilateral frontoparietal regions, with older adults showing unique activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus. These findings highlight differential aging trajectories for rule-retrieval versus rule-discovery processes, reflecting changes in neural mechanisms with aging. Furthermore, middle-age adults recruited additional regions related to conflict monitoring, whereas older adults relied more on planning-related areas, suggesting strategy differences. Our study provides critical insights into the neural underpinnings of cognitive flexibility and its age-related changes, emphasizing the need for research on mechanisms and task-specific age trajectories.
Cognitive flexibility and cognitive demands: An eye tracking investigation
2025 · CHAPTER · en
Cognitive flexibility is crucial for adapting behavior to shifting demands, particularly in tasks with varying cognitive requirements. This study examines the relationship between cognitive flexibility levels and eye movement parameters across six difficulty levels. Results show that highly flexible individuals consistently outperform those with lower flexibility, demonstrating more fixations, shorter fixation durations, and reduced blinking. Notable differences in eye movement patterns become apparent at the highest difficulty levels (5-6), emphasizing the importance of switching abilities in complex cognitive tasks. These findings offer new perspectives on psychophysiological measurements of higher-order cognition, with significant implications for cognitive theory.
Surface neatness as an index of aesthetic value of everyday objects
2025 · ARTICLE · en
Introduction: Surface neatness is a fundamental yet underexplored determinant of the aesthetic evaluation of everyday objects. While prior research has typically examined individual surface features - such as gloss, shine, dirt, or scratches - in isolation, the holistic impact of surface neatness has received little systematic attention. Methods: In this study, participants viewed images of objects from five categories (household items, tools, personal use items, stationery, and kitchen utensils), each presented in three surface conditions: untidy (displaying mechanical and hygienic defects), neutral (without visible defects), and neat (exhibiting gloss and cleanliness). For each object, participants provided a preference rating reflecting their aesthetic evaluation. Results: Analysis revealed a robust effect of surface neatness on aesthetic preference: objects in the untidy condition consistently received the lowest ratings, while neat surfaces were rated most attractive. The differences between all surface conditions were statistically significant. Discussion: These results demonstrate that surface neatness is a dynamic and salient factor shaping the perceived value and desirability of everyday objects. The findings underscore the need for more rigorous operationalization of surface properties in empirical research on human-object interaction and suggest practical applications for product design, consumer psychology, and sustainable practices, where surface conditions directly influence aesthetic experience and object appeal.
Neurophysiological evidence of single-shot semantic mapping in the developing brain
2025 · ARTICLE · en
Rapid acquisition of new words and construction of large vocabularies is a unique capacity of developing human brain. This process is to a large degree mediated by a neurocognitive mechanism known as «fast mapping» (FM) which allows the child to quickly map new words onto neural representations after even a single exposure to them, using context-driven inference. However, the neurophysiological bases of this mechanism are still poorly understood. To address this open question, we used event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate brain dynamics elicited by novel words following a single-shot audiovisual semantic learning task and to estimate cortical underpinnings of this process in healthy preschool children. We found that a single presentation of novel words in association with novel objects leads to a decrease in the brain’s activation, registered as an early N400 effect for newly learnt word forms, indicating rapid lexicosemantic memory trace formation in the developing brain. Interestingly, source analysis indicated this effect to be chiefly underpinned by activity modulations in the right-hemispheric temporal cortices, indicating their involvement in speech processing at an early age (known to be diminished later in life). Overall, current findings provide the electrophysiological evidence of the specific mechanism in the developing brain that promotes rapid integration of novel word representations into neocortical lexicosemantic networks after a single exposure, subserving efficient native word acquisition and mastering the mother tongue.
Эстетическая привлекательность повседневных предметов в эмпирических исследованиях: обзор и перспективы
2025 · ARTICLE · ru
Эстетические характеристики окружающих нас повседневных предметов влияют на когнитивные процессы, поведение и субъективное благополучие человека. Однако их объективное исследование остаётся сложной задачей, поскольку традиционные подходы к эстетике опираются на субъективные оценки, что затрудняет систематический контроль. В данной обзорной работе мы ищем пути к преодолению этих ограничений и выявлению эстетических параметров, поддающихся строгому управлению в экспериментальных условиях. Рассматриваются основные переменные, используемые в оценке эстетической привлекательности объектов, и их ограничения. Формулируются критерии, которым должен соответствовать эстетический признак, подходящий для экспериментальной манипуляции. В качестве перспективной альтернативы существующим подходам предлагается опрятность поверхности как контролируемый параметр с выраженной валентностью. Анализируются её преимущества, методологические ограничения и перспективы применения в когнитивных науках.
Action verbs and demonstrative pronouns affect volumetric affordance activation
2025 в печати · ARTICLE · en
В то время как влияние визуальной информации на активацию мануальных аффордансов хорошо задокументировано, значительно меньшее внимание уделялось специфической роли языка в модуляции активации аффордансов. Ряд исследований показал, что существительные, обозначающие объекты, пригодные для захвата, могут запускать симуляции аффордансов, тогда как глаголы действия способны облегчать связанные с ними моторные реакции. Однако роль других частей речи, таких как местоимения, в модуляции аффордансов изучена недостаточно; среди них особый интерес представляют указательные местоимения благодаря их функции маркировать пространственные отношения. Указательные местоимения (например, «этот», «тот») обозначают положение объекта в пространстве относительно перспективы собеседника (проксимальной или дистальной), тем самым указывая на его доступность для действия, что предсказывает их потенциальное участие в модуляции аффордансов действия. Для проверки этой гипотезы мы использовали парадигму совместимости стимул–реакция с аудиторными лингвистическими праймами, включавшими глагол (действия/наблюдения) и указательное местоимение (проксимальное/дистальное), за которыми следовало целевое слово, обозначающее манипулируемый объект. Во-первых, наши данные подтвердили ранее показанную способность глаголов действия активировать мануальные аффордансы. Во-вторых, и наиболее существенно, наши результаты продемонстрировали, что проксимальные указательные местоимения обладают аналогичным потенциалом, особенно в сочетании с глаголом действия. Эти выводы имеют существенное значение для теорий понимания языка, поддерживая представление о том, что языковая обработка тесно переплетена с сенсомоторными системами и что указательные местоимения являются неотъемлемыми компонентами пространственного познания, модулирующими воспринимаемые аффордансы объектов.
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