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Шестакова Анна Николаевна

Институт когнитивных нейронаук

Профиль на hse.ru ↗ тел.: +7 (495) 772-95-90 | +79119925519
Публикаций
108
Языков
1
Наград
7
Конференций
5
Профиль Публикации (108) Курсы (5)

Профессиональные интересы

нейроэкономиканейробиология речи и языкаобучение

Должности

  • Ведущий научный сотрудник — Институт когнитивных нейронаук, Центр нейроэкономики и когнитивных исследований
  • Директор центра — Институт когнитивных нейронаук, Центр нейроэкономики и когнитивных исследований
  • Руководитель академического совета образовательной программы — Когнитивные науки и технологии: от нейрона к познанию

Био

  • · Начала работать в НИУ ВШЭ в 2013 году.
  • · Научно-педагогический стаж: 12 лет.

Образование

  • 2004 · PhD: тема диссертации: ‘Sensory intelligence’ in the auditory cortex: brain responses to native and non-native phonetic stimuli Dissertation
  • 1994 · Специалитет: Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, специальность «Физиология», квалификация «Биолог-биофизик»

Опыт работы

  • · 10.2009: Кафедра высшей нервной деятельности. Санкт-петербургский Государственный Университет, РФ, старший научный сотрудник
  • · 10.2012-06.2013: Кафедра психологии поведения и превенции поведенческих аномалий. Санкт-петербургский Государственный Университет, РФ, доцент
  • · 01.2010 –2013: Санкт-петербургский Государственный Университет, EC Темпус проект в области Нейробиотехнологий, Программа «Национальная Сеть Аспирантур по Биотехнологиям в Нейронауках БиоН» (Программа дополнительного образования), член совета и координатор
  • · 12.2007 –09.2008: Центр Исследований Речи (Centre for Speech, Language and the Brain, CSL) Университет Кембриджа, Великобритания, научный сотрудник (researcher)
  • · 05.2007 – 10.2008: Центр Когнитивного Развития и Проблем Развития Речи (Centre for Developmental Language Disorders and Cognitive Neuroscience, DLDCN), Университетский Колледж Лондона, University College London, UCL, Великобритания, приглашенный исследователь (visiting researcher)
  • · 11.2005 –03.2009: Университет Хельсинки. Лидер EC проекта Tempus в области нейробиологии (the project granhtolder and coordinator
  • · 11.2004 – 12.2006: Центр Когнитивных Исследований (Cognitive Brain Research Unit) Университет Хельсинки, Финляндия, post doctoral fellow
  • · 12.2001– 11.2004: Центр Когнитивных Исследований, CBRU, Университет Хельсинки, Финляндия аспирант (PhD student)

Награды и поощрения

  • · Благодарственное письмо проректора НИУ ВШЭ (июнь 2023)
  • · Почетная грамота Высшей школы экономики (сентябрь 2021)
  • · Надбавка за публикацию в журнале из Списка А (и приравненном к нему научном издании) (2025–2026, 2024–2025)
  • · Надбавка за публикацию в международном рецензируемом научном издании (2020–2021, 2019–2020, 2017–2019)
  • · Надбавка за регулярные публикации в международных рецензируемых научных изданиях (2021–2026)
  • · Надбавка за статью в зарубежном рецензируемом журнале (2015–2017)
  • · Лауреат премии "Золотая Вышка" 2019 в номинации Достижения в науке

Гранты и проекты

  • — · на соискание учёной степени кандидата наук

Конференции (5)

Показать все
  • · 2023: 5th International Brain Stimulation Conference (Лиссабон). Доклад: Ambiguous tDCS: variability of the transcranial direct current stimulation effects in a reinforcement learning task
  • · 2016: Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroeconomics (Берлин). Доклад: Neural mechanisms of choice-induced preference change: EEG study
  • · 2016: Biomag 2016 (Сеул). Доклад: MEG correlates of internalization of social influence
  • · 2016: V СЪЕЗД ФИЗИОЛОГОВ СНГ (Сочи). Доклад: Механизмы обучения с подкреплением при социальном влиянии
  • · 2015: Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroeconomics (Майами). Доклад: Neural mechanisms of post-decisional spreading of alternatives: EEG study

Идентификаторы исследователя

Публикации (108)

Доверие к манипулятивной информации: от восприятия к принятию решений

2024 · ARTICLE · ru

Принятие решений находится под сильным влиянием доступной информации. Растущий объем и новые технологии создания манипулятивного контента потенциально создают высокие риски массовой дезориентации в информационном пространстве. В связи с этим особенно важно изучать междисциплинарные аспекты восприятия ложной и манипулятивной информации, ее влияния на процесс принятия решения и формирования выбора индивида. Статья иллюстрирует ключевые междисциплинарные подходы к изучению ряда важных категорий манипулятивной информации и демонстрирует технологическую эволюцию от распространенных медиа-манипуляций (на примере медиа фрейминга посредством эвфемизмов) к современным типам ложной информации (фейковые новости и дипфейки). Также рассматривается роль доверия к манипулятивной информации в контексте (а) источника, (б) содержания и (в) потребителя информационных манипуляций. Весь корпус междисциплинарных исследований демонстрирует, что доверие к манипулятивному контенту и его влияние на процесс принятия решений зависит от существенного количества факторов данных категорий. Теоретический обзор не только объединяет результаты ключевых исследований по психологии, социологии и экономике, но и существенно расширяет понимание особенностей влияния манипулятивной информации в контексте быстрого развития новых технологий.

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Comparing experience- and description-based economic preferences across 11 countries

2024 · ARTICLE · en

Recent evidence indicates that reward value encoding in humans is highly context dependent, leading to suboptimal decisions in some cases, but whether this computational constraint on valuation is a shared feature of human cognition remains unknown. Here we studied the behaviour of n = 561 individuals from 11 countries of markedly different socioeconomic and cultural makeup. Our findings show that context sensitivity was present in all 11 countries. Suboptimal decisions generated by context manipulation were not explained by risk aversion, as estimated through a separate description-based choice task (that is, lotteries) consisting of matched decision offers. Conversely, risk aversion significantly differed across countries. Overall, our findings suggest that context-dependent reward value encoding is a feature of human cognition that remains consistently present across different countries, as opposed to description-based decision-making, which is more permeable to cultural factors.

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Impact of audio and video narratives describing financial successes and failures on risk-taking in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task

2024 · ARTICLE · en

Narratives can influence risk-taking by shaping perceptions and emotions. In the present study we used first-person audio and video narratives describing either financial successes, failures, or neutral events devoid of any risk references in order to investigate how these types of stimuli affect risk-taking performance in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART). Audio narratives of different types did not significantly alter risk-taking in the BART. However, videos depicting neutral narratives and narratives about financial successes surprisingly had risk-demoting influence compared to videos about financial failures, indexed by the percentage of popped balloons. The underlying reason for this finding remains to be understood. Additionally, gender differences emerged by the adjusted pumps measure in interaction with stimuli condition. Specifically, female participants displayed riskier tendencies after audio narratives, and conversely, video narratives led to a slight increase in risk-taking among male participants. These results emphasize the significant role of stimuli modality and indexing measures in risk-related studies.

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Neurostructural Consequences of Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy in Childhood

2024 · ARTICLE · en

Obstetric brachial plexus palsy (OBPP) is a condition impairing limb function caused by birth injury. In 20 to 30% of cases, severe OBPP can cause life constraints in feeding, grooming, and clothing tasks. The present study, using voxel- and surface-based morphometry (VBM and SBM), examined the brain structure of pediatric OBPP patients to better understand the effects of this peripheral motor deficit on early brain development.

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Attenuation of Evoked Responses Elicited by Hand Action Words During EEG Mismatch Negativity Recordings in Children with Motor Impairments

2024 · CHAPTER · en

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) and obstetric brachial plexus palsy (OBPP) are motor disorders that result in highly limited mobility of the extremities. Previously, we showed that in response to auditory speech stimuli, AMC/OBPP children exhibited altered MMN responses compared to healthy controls. Moreover, these alterations were semantically specific. Given that the distribution of ERPs evoked by linguistic stimuli is known to be non-stationary over time, we hypothesized that altered processing of action words related to the impaired limb observed in AMC/OBPP children might result not from constantly decreased deviant ERP amplitudes in response to the hand-related action words, but rather from altered dynamics of the amplitude shift in these responses throughout the experimental session. To track this effect, we split each of the MMN paradigm EEG recordings into three consecutive non- overlapping fractions with identical amounts of epochs locked to standard and deviant stimuli. We used two oddball series: (1) the hand condition with hand action-related imperative verb as deviant stimulus and matched pseudoword as standard stimulus; (2) the control condition with a meaningless pseudoword that sounded like an imperative verb as deviant stimuli and a matched pseudoword with no phonological similarity to any imperative verb as standard stimulus. All stimuli were disyllabic. The first syllables varied across the stimuli series but remained identical within them, whereas the onset of the second syllabus defined the disambiguation time. 27 AMC/OBPP patients (11 females; 8.63±3.35 y.o.) and 32 control children (16 females; 10.03±3.16 y.o.) participated in the study. Remarkably, the topographical pattern of the difference in deviant ERPs between the first and the last third recording fractions was similar to the typical spatial distribution of the MMN. We believe that this similarity might reflect some kind of “standardization” of the deviant stimulus that occurs throughout the experimental session as a result of the response attenuation. Specifically, deviant ERP amplitudes in the last fraction of the recording were decreased compared to the beginning of the recording in the hand condition in AMC/OBPP patients (frontal cluster of electrodes at 80-120 ms). No effect was observed either in the control pseudoword condition in AMC/OBPP patients or in both conditions in the control group, highlighting the semantical specificity of the effect. Overall, our findings suggest that altered processing of hand action-related verbs in AMC/OBPP children might result from altered dynamics of the MMN-response attenuation.

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Examining Emotional Reactions to Varied Stimuli Through Subjective Assessment Methods

2024 · CHAPTER · en

This study explored different paradigms and protocols to investigate participants' psychoemotional states. The study involved testing a variety of stimuli, including videos with dramatic content, videos with neutral themes, physiological stress induction, and presentation of polar stimuli. The subjects' emotional reactions were assessed using the DES. The study showed a decrease in shame-related emotions in participants' emotional responses to sadness-inducing video stimuli. This compensatory interaction of different emotional states reflects the dominance of the appetitive or aversive motivational system in the brain and is an adaptive survival response in humans. The role of negative content in increasing participants' surprise and interest is also discussed. Results with neutral content showed a decrease in negative states but did not result in a significant increase in positive emotions.

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The Combination of Random Noise and Transspinal Direct Current Stimulation Affects the Corticospinal System Excitability

2024 · CHAPTER · en

Transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) is a type of transcranial electrical stimulation. tRNS at the primary motor cortex affects corticospinal system (CSS) excitability. We assume that applying analogous protocols at the spinal cord level could similarly influence on CSS excitability, enabling a comparison of stimulation outcomes. This research aims to scrutinize the impact of combining random noise with transspinal direct current stimulation (tsDRNCS) at the level of cervical enlargement of the spinal cord (C7-Th1 segments) on CSS excitability, and to compare this data with previously obtained results from anodal transspinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) at 1.5 mA. The effect of tsDRNCS was estimated by motor-evoked potentials (MEP) of the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in the primary motor cortex. The study involved 13 healthy adults aged 20,97 ± 2,85 years. The application of 11-minutes tsDRNCS had the effect of changing CSS excitability, as reflected in changes in MEP amplitudes of the FDI muscle. Initially, the amplitude of the MEP elicited by TMS increased immediately after stimulation, but with 15 minutes delay, the MEP amplitude decreased, which was validated through statistical analysis. Moreover, no significant difference in the effects was observed compared with earlier data obtained from anodal tsDCS at 1.5mA and sham tsDCS. However, increased CSS excitability following tsDRNCS tended to increase immediately after stimulation.

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EEG Face Oddball Paradigm as the Test for Emotional Reaction

2024 в печати · BOOK · en

Одним из методов оценки эмоциональных реакций человека считаются парадигмы, включающие представление аффективных изображений, включая выражения лица, которые являются одними из самых знакомых и заметных стимулов в нашей визуальной среде. Электроэнцефалографические потенциалы, связанные с событиями (ERP), на различные стимулы используются в качестве чувствительных тестов для определения категориального восприятия определенных модальностей стимула. Парадигма oddball ERP, представляющая сердитые и счастливые лица, может быть тестом для определения эмоциональной реакции человека. Наши результаты показали, что данные ERP выявили основные пики ответа на 120, 212 и 420 мс (измеренные по глобальной мощности поля), предположительно соответствующие компонентам ERP P2, N170 и N400. Все пики демонстрировали различия в амплитуде ответов на стандарт и девиант, что предполагает различия в обработке лиц со счастливыми и сердитыми выражениями. Кластерный анализ показал, что на первом пике был кластер из 4 затылочных электродов. На 2-м пике наблюдалось 3 кластера из 2 электродов (теменной, лобно-центральный, теменно-центральный), а на 3-м пике не было обнаружено ни одного кластера.

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Event-Related Potentials in Response to Fake News Correction: Pilot Study

2024 · CHAPTER · en

Fake news has become a serious problem with the development of the Internet and social networks. Due to their rapid spread and influence on people's opinions and decision-making, the need to combat media fakes become evident. This pilot study investigated behavioral and neuropsychological responses to fake news corrections that indicate the presence of the fake. We used medical- and healthcare-related news headlines, both fake and accurate, and employed a short-format debunking correction (Truth/Fake) from authoritative and non-authoritative medical sources. 22 participants took part in the pilot study, assessing their trust in news headlines and the willingness to share them with others before and after the correction, while the electroencephalography (EEG) data were recorded. We hypothesized that the trust in the news and the willingness to share them would increase after the Truth-correction (indicating that the statement is correct) from the authoritative source, and would decrease after the Fake- correction (indicating that the statement is false) from the same source. On the neuropsychological level we assumed that the correction would elicit the Feedback-Related Negativity (FRN), and its amplitude would be larger in response to the Fake-correction, than to the Truth- correction, and would correlate with the magnitude of an individual opinion change. The results showed the significant effect of the corrections on the trust in headlines and willingness to share them. Authoritative Truth-corrections increased trust and willingness to share, while authoritative Fake-corrections decreased trust and willingness to share headlines. The EEG data showed the FRN/ P600 responses to the corrections. However, no significant differences between the FRN amplitudes across experimental conditions were found, and the component only correlated with the magnitude of willingness to share changes.

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Deciphering the neural responses to a naturalistic persuasive message

2024 · ARTICLE · en

Effective health promotion may benefit from understanding how persuasion emerges. While earlier research has identified brain regions implicated in persuasion, these studies often relied on event-related analyses and frequently simplified persuasive communications. The present study investigates the neural basis of valuation change induced by a persuasive healthy eating call, employing naturalistic stimuli. Fifty healthy participants performed two blocks of a bidding task, in which they had to bid on sugar-containing, sugar-free, and nonedible products during functional MRI. In between the two blocks, they listened to a persuasive healthy eating call that influenced their bidding behavior. Intriguingly, participants who resisted persuasion exhibited increased synchronization of brain activity during listening in several regions, including default mode network structures. Additionally, intersubject functional connectivity among these brain regions was found to be weaker in persuaded individuals. These results emphasize the individualized nature of processing persuasive messages, challenging conventional interpretations of synchronized neural activity. Our findings support the emerging practice of tailoring persuasive messages in health promotion campaigns

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Курсы (5)