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Лазарев Иван Евгеньевич

Факультет социальных наук

Профиль на hse.ru ↗ тел.: +7 (495) 772-95-90 | 15394
Публикаций
59
Языков
2
Наград
6
Конференций
0
Профиль Публикации (59) Курсы (9)

Профессиональные интересы

психофизиология

Должности

  • Доцент — Факультет социальных наук, Департамент психологии

Био

  • · Начал работать в НИУ ВШЭ в 2011 году.
  • · Научно-педагогический стаж: 22 года.

Образование

  • 2011 · Кандидат биологических наук: Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова, специальность 03.03.01 «Физиология»
  • 2004 · Специалитет: Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова, специальность «Психология», квалификация «Психолог. Преподаватель психологии»

Опыт работы

  • · НИУ ВШЭ
  • · Институт медико-биологических проблем РАН
  • · ФГБУ Центр психиатрии и наркологии им. В.П. Сербского

Награды и поощрения

  • · Благодарность департамента психологии НИУ ВШЭ (ноябрь 2025)
  • · Благодарность Высшей школы экономики (декабрь 2022)
  • · Благодарность Департамента психологии НИУ ВШЭ (июнь 2021)
  • · Персональная надбавка ректора (2016–2017)
  • · Надбавка за публикацию в журнале из Списка А (и приравненном к нему научном издании) (2025–2026, 2023–2024)
  • · Надбавка за публикацию в международном рецензируемом научном издании (2022–2023)

Гранты и проекты

  • — · Научный фонд НИУ ВШЭ: Индивидуальный исследовательский грант 15-01-0159 "Тормозные процессы в слуховом внимании"

Идентификаторы исследователя

Публикации (59)

Attention modulates the mismatch negativity evoked by feature conjunctions

2017 · CHAPTER · en

Feature binding is an essential aspect of sensory perception, since most realistic objects can be identified only by grasping conjunctions of multiple features and their patterns. Psychophysiological mechanisms of this phenomenon are still under debate; importantly, mutually exclusive points of view exist concerning the role of attention in feature binding. The current study aimed at testing the hypothesis that mismatch negativity (MMN) to specific feature conjunctions may depend upon attention. Two experiments were conducted in the auditory and visual modalities respectively. Within each experiment, we used four stimuli that differed in two distinctive features, with two feature conjunctions designated as standards, and two feature conjunctions designated as deviants. Features used in the auditory modality were tone pitch and location; Gabor grating orientation and spatial frequency were used in the visual modality. Attentional modulation involved four conditions: selective attention to targets, selective ignoring of nontargets, nonselective attention within a given modality, and deviation of attention to a task in a different modality. The basic finding was that MMN was evident only in conditions of within-modality attention. MMN was reduced or abolished in response to ignored feature conjunctions, as well as in conditions of the cross-modal distraction of attention. Thus, contrary to previous studies of MMN under feature conjunctions, our data show that the preattentive stage of feature conjunction processing requires a proper top-down attentional influence. Supported by Russian Foundation for Humanities, project No 15-06-10742.

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Внимание моделирует негативность рассогласования в ответ на сочетания признаков: поиск механизмов целостного восприятия

2017 · CHAPTER · ru

Связывание признаков является неотъемлемым аспектом сенсорных процессов, однако нейрофизиологические механизмы этого феномена остаются спорными. Проведены два эксперимента – в слуховой и в зрительной модальностях. Полученные результаты показали, что негативность рассогласования в ответ на сочетания признаков была выражена только при условии внимания. Таким образом, мы впервые в электроэнцефалографическом эксперименте получили доказательства того, что связывание признаков зависит от внимания.

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Distributed feature binding in the auditory modality: experimental evidence toward reconciliation of opposing views on the basis of mismatch negativity and behavioral measures

2016 · ARTICLE · en

Current understanding of feature binding remains controversial. Studies involving mismatch negativity (MMN) measurement show a low level of binding, whereas behavioral experiments suggest a higher level. We examined the possibility that the two levels of feature binding coexist and may be shown within one experiment. The electroencephalogram was recorded while participants were engaged in an auditory two-alternative choice task, which was a combination of the oddball and the condensation tasks. Two types of deviant target stimuli were used–complex stimuli, which required feature conjunction to be identified, and simple stimuli, which differed from standard stimuli in a single feature. Two behavioral outcomes–correct responses and errors–were analyzed separately. Responses to complex stimuli were slower and less accurate than responses to simple stimuli. MMN was prominent and its amplitude was similar for both simple and complex stimuli, whereas the respective stimuli differed from standards in a single feature or two features respectively. Errors in response only to complex stimuli were associated with decreased MMN amplitude. P300 amplitude was greater for complex stimuli than for simple stimuli. Our data are compatible with the explanation that feature binding in auditory modality depends on two concurrent levels of processing. We speculate that the earlier level related to MMN generation is an essential and critical stage. Yet, a later analysis is also carried out, affecting P300 amplitude and response time. The current findings provide resolution to conflicting views on the nature of feature binding and show that feature binding is a distributed multilevel process.

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Spontaneous attentional lapses are reflected in a positive voltage shift of the event-related potential in the P2 peak time window

2016 · CHAPTER · en

The dynamic and constantly changing environment requires fast and selective sensory processing to maintain adaptive goal-directed behavior. Several classic studies of auditory attention revealed a negative voltage shift of event-related potential (ERP) within the 100 200 ms time window after stimulus onset in the attended channel compared with the unattended channel (Näätänen et al. 1978; Näätänen et al. 2011). This phenomenon was interpreted as an active top-down facilitation of relevant sensory representations. In the same time interval, Alho et al. (1987) found rejection positivity that can be elicited in response to actively ignored sounds, thus, reflecting processes of top-down suppression of irrelevant stimuli. Most of the studies in the field dealt with forced attentional manipulations, while the present study was focused on ERP correlates of spontaneous attentional lapses. We hypothesized that a positive ERP shift similar to the rejection positivity (Alho et al. 1987; Degerman et al. 2008) may be present during spontaneous failures to appropriately detect stimuli. The auditory condensation task was used: four target auditory stimuli that differed in two independent features were presented randomly with equal probability. Each sinusoidal tone was either 500 Hz (‘low’) or 2000 Hz (‘high’), either a pure tone (‘pure’) or the same tone intermixed with broadband noise. Control procedures ensured that each of the stimulus features could be easily discriminated by all participants. Participants were instructed to respond to each stimulus by pressing one of the two buttons according to a rule based on stimulus feature conjunction (see Table), which is a much more demanding task compared with singe feature discrimination (Novikov et al. 2015). In Experiment 1, participants were presented only with target stimuli. In Experiment 2 distractor stimuli were introduced in the sequence of targets. The relative probability ratio of these non-target-stimuli to all four equiprobable target stimuli (same as in experiment 1) pooled together was 4:1. In Experiment 1 (see Figure A), the positive ERP shift within the time window 120-240 ms (P2 peak of auditory ERP) was very robust for errors compared with correct responses (F1,51 = 24.516, p

Spontaneous attentional performance lapses during the auditory condensation task: an ERP study

2015 · ARTICLE · en

The causal mechanisms of spontaneous attentional performance lapses in alert non-clinical individuals during purposeful responses to complex stimuli remain largely unknown. In order to address this question, the auditory condensation task was used, which involves both stimulus feature binding and response selection. This task is known to create high attentional load and is well suited to reveal subtle variations in the level of attention. Four auditory stimuli differing in two independent features were presented randomly with equal probability. Each stimulus required pressing one or the other of two buttons; constant stimulus-to-response mapping was based exclusively on feature conjunction. Participants made errors on 10.2 ± 0.7 % and response omissions on 5.4 ± 0.5 % of trials. In the ERP pattern, the N1 and P2 peaks were well pronounced, while later N2 and P3 peaks were rather small in amplitude. The P2 amplitude was greater on trials with errors compared to correct responses, possibly reflecting reduction in the stimulus processing. Spontaneous attentional performance lapses may be tentatively explained by inadequate distribution of attentional resources due to competition with other mental processes such as mind-wandering. This competition is likely to occasionally subdue early preattentional stages of stimulus processing and thus cause behavioral errors.

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Альфа-ритм как показатель уровня когнитивного контроля в слуховой конденсационной задаче

2015 · CHAPTER · ru

Тезисы доклада "Альфа-ритм как показатель уровня когнитивного контроля в слуховой конденсационной задаче"

Альфа-ритм как показатель уровня когнитивного контроля связан с выраженностью альфа-ритма покоя

2015 · CHAPTER · ru

Тезисы доклада "Альфа-ритм как показатель уровня когнитивного контроля связан с выраженностью альфа-ритма покоя"

При спонтанных сбоях внимания затронут предвнимательный уровень обработки информации

2015 · CHAPTER · ru

Материалы доклада "При спонтанных сбоях внимания затронут предвнимательный уровень обработки информации"

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Errors in auditory condensation task are preceded by lower prestimulus alpha-band oscillations

2015 · CHAPTER · en

Performance errors in visual tasks caused by deterioration of the cognitive control may be related to an increase in the alpha-band power (for example, O’Connel et al., Eur. J. Neurosci., 2009), although this effect has not been studied within the auditory modality. In order to investigate EEG predecessors of attentional lapses in the auditory modality we used the modified condensation task. Participants (n = 47) were presented with four auditory tones, each having two distinct features: “low” or “high” (500 Hz or 2000 Hz sinusoidal signal), “noised” or “pure” (with or without broadband noise admixed). Participants were asked to press one or the other button depending on the conjunction of the two features. Frequent distractors (pure 400 Hz tones) were also presented along with four target stimuli. Prestimulus EEG power in the alpha range (8–13 Hz) was found to be reduced for erroneous responses compared with correct responses. Pre-stimulus alpha-band power gradually increased within continuous sequences of distractor stimuli separating adjacent target stimuli. No performance-related changes in stimulus-locked ERPs were found. These findings demonstrate that under conditions of the auditory attentional task higher alpha-band power may be an index of increased rather than decreased level of cognitive control. This finding also points to the pre-stimulus EEG power as a better predictor of behavioral outcome compared with the stimulus-locked ERPs. Supported by HSE Basic Research Program.

Spontaneous attentional lapses are related to a rejection positivity-like ERP shift

2015 · CHAPTER · en

Selective and rapid information processing within multiple sensory streams is crucial for adaptive behaviour. Event-related potential (ERP) studies have shown that top-down attentional modulation of relevant neural representations may evoke ERP voltage shifts within the 100–200 ms time window (Ross et al., Cereb. Cortex, 2010; Näätänen et al., Psychophysiology, 2011). Most of the studies in the field dealt with forced attentional manipulations, while the present study was focused on ERP correlates of spontaneous attentional lapses. We hypothesized that a positive ERP shift similar to the rejection positivity (Alho et al., Electroen. Clin. Neuro., 1987; Degerman et al., Eur. J. Neurosci., 2008) may be present during spontaneous failures to appropriately identify stimuli. The auditory condensation task was used: four target auditory stimuli that differed in two independent features were presented randomly with equal probability. Control procedures ensured that each of the stimulus features could be easily discriminated by all participants. Participants were instructed to respond to each stimulus by pressing one of the two buttons according to a rule based on stimulus feature conjunction, which is a much more demanding task compared with singe feature discrimination. The ERP within the P2 peak time window (150–200 ms) was shifted positively preceding failed responses (errors and response omissions) compared with correct responses. This effect resembles the rejection positivity and supports the hypothesis that information processing is reduced preceding erroneous responses and omissions; this is likely related to misallocation of attention due to competition between the task execution and other mental processes.

Курсы (9)