Бутовская Марина Львовна
Факультет гуманитарных наук
Профессиональные интересы
Должности
- Главный научный сотрудник — Факультет гуманитарных наук, Международный центр антропологии
Био
- · Начала работать в НИУ ВШЭ в 2014 году.
- · Научно-педагогический стаж: 41 год.
Образование
- 2019 · Член-корреспондент РАН
- 2009 · Доктор исторических наук: специальность 03.03.02 «Антропология», тема диссертации: защитила в Институте этнологии и антропологии РАН докторскую диссертацию на тему «Универсальные принципы организации социальных систем у приматов, включая человека».
- 2004 · Ученое звание: Профессор
- 1982 · Специалитет: Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова, специальность «Антропология», квалификация «Биолог»
Опыт работы
- · Изучение эволюционных основ социального поведения человека (моделирование ранних этапов эволюции общества в палеолите по базе моделей сообществ приматов и данных социального поведения африканских охотников-собирателей; выявление генетических составлящих агрессивного поведения человека; кросс-культурные исследования выбора партнера, сексуальной привлекательности, пространственного поведения; выявление экологических факторов, лежащих в основе культурных вкусовых предпочтений пищи и бережного отношения к пищевым продуктам в целом .
- · Применение методов физической антропологии (антропометрия, антропологическое фото), социальной антропологии (включенное наблюдение, углубленне интервью, экспертные оценки, аудиовизуальные методы), этологические методы наблюдения, психологические методы (опросники и экспериментальные тесты)
Награды и поощрения
- · Премия выдающиеся ученые, молодые доктора и кандидаты (январь 2000)
- · Надбавка за академические успехи и вклад в научную репутацию НИУ ВШЭ (2023)
- · Надбавка за публикацию в журнале из Списка А (и приравненном к нему научном издании) (2025–2026, 2024–2025, 2023–2024)
- · Надбавка за публикацию в международном рецензируемом научном издании (2021–2022, 2019–2021, 2018–2019)
Идентификаторы исследователя
- ORCID:
0000-0002-5528-0519 - ResearcherID:
E-2368-2016 - Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.ru/citations?view_op=list_works&hl=ru&user=P483puoAAAAJ
- Scopus AuthorID:
55948267500
Публикации (107)
The Associations of Dyadic Coping and Relationship Satisfaction Vary between and within Nations: A 35-Nation Study
2016 · ARTICLE · en
Objective:Theoriesabouthowcoupleshelpeachothertocopewithstress,suchasthesystemictransactionalmodelofdyadiccoping,suggestthattheculturalcontextinwhichcouplesliveinfluenceshowtheircopingbehavioraffectstheirrelationshipsatisfaction.Incontrasttothetheoreticalassumptions,arecentmeta-analysisprovidesevidencethatneitherculture,norgender,influencestheassociationbetweendyadiccopingandrelationshipsatisfaction,atleastbasedontheirsamplesofcoupleslivinginNorthAmericaandWestEurope.Thus,itisanopenquestionswhetherthetheoreticalassumptionsofculturalinfluencesarefalseorwhetherculturalinfluencesoncouplebehaviorjustoccurinculturesoutsideoftheWesternworld.Method:Inordertoexaminetheculturalinfluence,usingasampleofmarriedindividuals(N=7973)from35nations,weusedmultilevelmodelingtotestwhetherthepositiveassociationbetweendyadiccopingandrelationshipsatisfactionvariesacrossnationsandwhethergendermightmoderatetheassociation.Results:Resultsrevealthattheassociationbetweendyadiccopingandrelationshipsatisfactionvariesbetweennations.Inaddition,resultsshowthatinsomenationstheassociationishigherformenandinothernationsitishigherforwomen.Conclusions:Culturalandgenderdifferencesacrosstheglobeinfluencehowcouples’copingbehavioraffectsrelationshipoutcomes.Thiscrucialfindingindicatesthatcouplerelationshipeducationprogramsandinterventionsneedtobeculturallyadapted,asskilltrainingssuchasdyadiccopingleadtodifferentialeffectsonrelationshipsatisfactionbasedonthecultureinwhichcoupleslive.
Digit ratio (2D: 4D), testosterone, cortisol, aggression, personality and hand-grip strength: Evidence for prenatal effects on strength
2016 · ARTICLE · en
Background Digit ratio (2D:4D) is a putative marker for prenatal testosterone and is correlated with performance in many sports. Low 2D:4D has been linked to strength but the evidence is mixed and strength is also influenced by mass, testosterone, and behavioural factors. It has been hypothesised that the 2D:4D-strength correlation may be strongest in challenge conditions when short-term changes occur in steroid hormones. Aims We tested this suggestion in men. Study design We used a cross-over study design with a challenge (an aggressive video of rugby tackles) and control (a blank screen) condition. Subjects 89 healthy men. Outcome measures Finger lengths (2nd and 4th for both hands), hand-grip strength (HGS), testosterone (T), cortisol (C), aggression (Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire) and personality type (Ten Item Personality Measure). In both conditions participants provided saliva samples (for hormone assays). Results In the challenge condition there was a highly significant increase in HGS, and modest changes in T, physical aggression and emotional stability. HGS correlated negatively with left hand 2D:4D. In a multiple regression, left hand 2D:4D was negatively related to HGS and emotional stability was positively related to HGS. In the control condition HGS was not correlated with 2D:4D. In a multiple regression, BMI, physical aggression, and emotional stability were significantly related to HGS. Conclusions 2D:4D is a negative correlate of strength in challenge situations. This finding may in part explain associations between 2D:4D and sports performance.
The Wameru of Tanzania: Historical Origin and Their Role in the Process of National Integration
2016 · ARTICLE · en
The Meru live in one of the most fertile and densely populated areas of Tanzania, and their current population number is about 198,000 people. Today they are organized in 26 clans. Most Wameru claim their origin from the Machame and Siha/Ng'uni groups associated with Chagga community, whose ancestors arrived and settled on the slopes of Mt. Meru about 400 years ago. Three clans traced back to the Maasai ancestors. The Meru actively opposed Christianity, and the missionaries were treated extremely hostile. The first Meru who adopted Christianity in 1905 was ostracized by the whole community. In the course of time the situation changed and currently most Meru are Christians. The Meru actively participated in liberation movement and were among the closest comrades of Julius Nierere. The economic liberalization evoked changes influencing the Meru people economy. Along with agriculture, many families are now engaged in various off-farm activities.
Агрессивное поведение у народов ханты и манси: этнический аспект
2015 · ARTICLE · ru
В данной работе представлены результаты анализа агрессивного поведения у обских угров (ханты и манси) с учетом влияния пола и возраста, проведен сравнительный анализ полученных данных с другими этническими группами и изучены традиционные модели экспрессии агрессии и механизмы ее ограничения в культуре обских угров. В основу исследования легли полевые материалы, собранные в ХантыМансийском автономном округе в течение ряда лет.
Manipulations of the Corpus in the Context of Life Cycle Rites among the Datoga Cattle Breeders of Northern Tanzania
2015 · ARTICLE · en
The study of contemporary traditional pastoralist societies of Eastern Africa provide perfect examples of norms enforcement by third par- ties, and the life cycle ceremonies is a good example. The Datoga are characterized by exceptionally well-preserved traditional childbirth and postpartum rites, as well as by multistage system of integration of an infant into the tribe, clan, and family. The ceremonies represent a complex process of social interactions between a newborn, his or her relatives, and neighbors. During the ceremonies, an interrelation between an infant and others is established through a complex exchange of responsibilities, favors, and presents, as prescribed by the cultural scenario. In this paper we present the description of post- partum ceremonies and caloripuncture ceremony of an infant, con- ducted by contemporary Datoga. This particular example demon- strates the importance of cultural group selection in small-scale socie- ties and one of the possible mechanisms to achieve human ultrasocial- ity, rooted in self-identification with others on the basis of culturally installed similarity ques.
Digit ratio (2D:4D), aggression, and dominance in the Hadza and the Datoga of Tanzania
2015 · ARTICLE · en
Objectives: Digit ratio (2D:4D)—a putative marker of prenatal androgen activity—has been shown to correlate with self-reported physical aggression and dominance behavior, especially in male children and adolescents. This evidence is derived primarily from the study of Western samples. Methods: Digit ratios, self-reported aggression, and dominance behavior were collected from men and women in two traditional, small-scale societies, i.e., the Hadza and the Datoga of Tanzania. Results: We found significant differences in physical and verbal aggression, anger, and hostility between the two societies with the Datoga reporting higher scores on all four measures. Moreover, self-reported dominance in the Datoga was higher than in the Hadza. The Datoga showed lower left and right hand 2D:4D ratios than the Hadza. Men reported higher physical and verbal aggression and dominance, and had lower 2D:4D ratios than women. A significant negative association between 2D:4D and dominance was found in Hadza women. Conclusions: We discuss our findings with reference to differences in mating systems between the two small-scale societies and previous findings of Western and other small-scale societies.
ПАЛЬЦЕВОЙ ИНДЕКС КАК ИНДИКАТОР ПРЕНАТАЛЬНОЙ АНДРОГЕНИЗАЦИИ И ЕГО СВЯЗЬ С МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИМИ И ПОВЕДЕНЧЕСКИМИ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКАМИ У ЧЕЛОВЕКА
2015 · ARTICLE · ru
В работе представлен обзор современных данных по вопросу об использовании паль- цевого индекса (2D:4D) в качестве маркера суммарного влияния андрогенов (тестос- терона) и эстрогенов на плод в раннем эмбриогенезе и доказывается необходимость и перспективность включения этого признака в качестве непременной составляющей современных антропометрических исследований. Показана необходимость дальней- шего развития методической базы с учетом уже доказанной роли постнатальной андро- генизации в формировании костей кисти. В заключение сделан вывод о необходи- мости дальнейших исследований пальцевого индекса в контексте его ассоциации с морфофизиологическими и психологическими характеристиками человека с учетом влияния средовых (экологических) и социокультурных факторов, а также роли стрес- совых факторов в период раннего развития плода в утробе матери.
Пальцевой индекс, маскулинность лица и флуктуирующая асимметрии как маркеры полового отбора в традиционных африканских популяциях хадза и датога
2014 · ARTICLE · ru
It has been suggested that fluctuating asymmetry (FA) reflects the genetic quality of different populations, which is particularly informative in harsh environment, poor health and social security. The Hadza are huntergatherers and Datoga are pastoralists from Northern Tanzania. Both societies are currently living in extreme environmental conditions, with expressed climatic seasonality and abundance of various infectious and parasites diseases. The Datoga are cattle breeders and thus might have more stable food resources. The aim of the present study was to determine possible differences between Hadza and Datoga by fluctuating asymmetry rate, masculinity and 2D:4D ratio and the test for correlations between FA, general masculinity and 2D:4D ratio. The coefficient of fluctuating asymmetry and the rate of sexual dimorphism were measured on photos of adults ranged from 14 to 70 years (198 Hadza, 64 Datoga). FA traits were calculated by taking left and right deviation from the midline, calculated from inter-pupillary distance, for six facial bilateral points and then summing the absolute values of individual scores, and sexual dimorphism was measured by measuring distance between specific points, producing four ratios: Cheekbone Prominence, Jaw Height/ Lower Face Height, Lower Face Height/Face Height, and Face Width/Lower Face Height. All images were normalized on inter-pupillary distance.
Россияне и выходцы их стран СНГ в Кении сегодня. Социально-психологический портрет
2014 в печати · ARTICLE · ru
В статье исследована социально-психологическая адаптация русских мигрантов и их потомков в Кении. Полученные данные позволяют сделать вывод, что соотечественники хорошо адаптировались к непривычной для россиян культурной и природной среде. Для них был характерен высокий уровень жизненной активности и толерантности. Давно обосновавшиеся в африканских странах соотечественники были хорошо устроены материально и социально и имели устойчивые социальные связи с россиянами и выходцами из СНГ, европейцами и африканцами. Многие мужчины и женщины, давно проживающие а Африке, занимали высокое социальное положение, имели собственный бизнес и грамотно им управляли. При этом отмечены специфические особенности Кении по сравнению с другими африканскими странами.
Reconciliation in Hamadryas Baboons (Papio hamadryas): Testing the Relationship Quality Hypothesis
2013 · ARTICLE · en
A community of hamadryas baboons (Papio hamadryas) consists of a unique organization with four structural levels and marked hierarchical relationships between males and females. This makes it an ideal system for testing the hypothesis that relationship quality influences reconciliation between individuals. Post-conflict reconciliation was studied in hamadryas baboons. The behavior of 436 conflicting pairs was studied. Reconciliation was found to be characteristic of pairs of different composition, including: 1) pairs consisting of a male and a female from his harem; 2) pairs consisting of two females from the same harem; 3) pairs consisting of two related animals; 4) pairs consisting of two males; 5) pairs including a female and a young (almost adult) male. Significant differences in reconciliatory tendencies were seen in different pair categories, along with a high level of selectivity of the interactions between former antagonists, evidencing that the probability of reconciliation between hamadryas baboon individuals depends on the quality of the relationships between th
Курсы (1)
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Физическая антропология с основами эволюционной антропологии · 3 раза
2024/2025, 2023/2024, 2022/2023 · Майнор · рус